Interactions of sub-five-nanometer diameter colloidal palladium nanoparticles in solution investigated via liquid cell transmission electron microscopy

Abstract

In this paper, sub-5 nm diameter palladium nanoparticles were prepared in situ inside the liquid cell, and the interactions between them were investigated via liquid cell transmission electron microscopy.

Challenges and Opportunities in Understanding Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Materials Degradation Using In‐Situ Electrochemical Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy

“…interactions between beam electrons and the nuclei of sample atoms, and inelastic interactions between beam electrons and electrons of sample atoms. [111] One of the main responses of liquid samples to electron beam irradiation is inducing unwanted artefactual reactions caused by radiolysis of the liquid, which can manifest as nanoparticle nucleation, [100,[112][113][114][115] motion, [112,116] growth, [100,117,118] aggregation, [113][114][115]119] dissolution or etching, [120][121][122] or as alterations to the measured electrochemical signal. [98] These types of beam phenomena are critical to control for PEMFC studies where the dissolution/re-deposition of Pt nanoparticle is fundamental.…”

Strategy for optimizing experimental settings for studying low atomic number colloidal assemblies using liquid phase scanning transmission electron microscopy

“…Since the first reported experiments [4], a common observation is that the Brownian-type motion of NPs blurs their appearance in LP-EM images [5] and sometimes causes them to move exceptionally slowly in a net direction [6]. Provided that contrast is sufficient, it is possible to analyze the dynamics of NPs with LP-EM to gain an insight into the forces affecting their behavior in a liquid environment [7][8][9]. NPs consisting of high atomic number materials such as Au, Pt, and Ti provide good contrast and have been used for LP-EM imaging with high resolution both in lateral and temporal terms [10][11][12].…”