Interannual variability of net ecosystem production for a broadleaf deciduous forest in Sapporo, northern Japan

Kitamura, Keiko; Nakai, Yuichiro; Suzuki, Satoru; Ohtani, Yoshikazu; Yamanoi, Katsumi; Sakamoto, Tetsuzo

doi:10.1007/s10310-012-0335-4

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Aerosol measurements were made on a flux tower at the Sapporo forest meteorology research site (42°59′N, 141°23′E, 182 m above sea level) located in the western part of Hokkaido, the northernmost major island of Japan [ Kitamura et al , 2012; Miyazaki et al , 2012]. The experimental site is a secondary forest which is covered with broadleaf deciduous trees dominated by white birch ( Betula platyphylla ) and Mizunara oak ( Quercus crispula ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The eddy covariance fluxes of CO 2 were measured in the flux tower using a three‐dimensional (3‐D) ultrasonic anemothermometer (DA600–3T, Sonic), a closed‐path infrared CO 2 /H 2 O gas analyzer (IRGA) (Li6262, LiCor), a thermo hygrometer (HMP45A, Vaisala), and a pressure gauge (PTB210, Vaisala). To quantify the storage of CO 2 below the altitude level of the eddy measurement, vertical profiles of CO 2 concentration were obtained from air samples taken at five heights [ Kitamura et al , 2012]. The sample air was collected via sampling inlets mounted on the tower and was pumped through PTFE tubes to the IRGA inside the shelter on the ground.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence of formation of submicrometer water‐soluble organic aerosols at a deciduous forest site in northern Japan in summer

Miyazaki

Jung

et al. 2012

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Semicontinuous measurements of submicrometer water-soluble organic aerosols and particle size distributions were conducted at a deciduous forest site in northern Japan in August 2010. Increases in particle number concentration were frequently observed in daytime, accompanied by an increase in the concentrations of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC). We found that daily averaged WSOC concentrations positively correlated with gross primary production of CO 2 by the forest ecosystem (r 2 = 0.63) and ambient temperature during daytime. These relations suggest that the formation of WSOC is closely linked to photosynthetic activity by the forest ecosystem, which depends on both temperature and solar radiation. Off-line chemical analysis of samples of particles with aerodynamic diameter smaller than 1 mm collected during a 2 day event of elevated WSOC levels suggests that photochemical aging of both a-and b-pinene and isoprene oxidation products contributes to the particle growth and the WSOC mass. Organic tracers of primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs) showed distinct diurnal variations with a maximum around noontime, also indicating that higher temperature and light intensity induce emissions of PBAPs. However, their contribution to the submicrometer WSOC mass was likely insignificant. During the day, the concentrations of 3-methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid (3-MBTCA) showed a strong dependence on temperature, and the ratios of WSOC to particle volume concentration increased with an increase in the concentration ratios of 3-MBTCA to pinonic acid (PA). This result supports a previous proposal that the 3-MBTCA/PA ratios in submicrometer particles can be a useful tracer for chemical aging of biogenic secondary organic aerosol from forest vegetation.Citation: Miyazaki, Y., J. Jung, P. Fu, Y. Mizoguchi, K. Yamanoi, and K. Kawamura (2012), Evidence of formation of submicrometer water-soluble organic aerosols at a deciduous forest site in northern Japan in summer,

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of formation of submicrometer water‐soluble organic aerosols at a deciduous forest site in northern Japan in summer

Miyazaki

Jung

et al. 2012

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…The observational infrastructure was destroyed by the typhoon in 2004 and reconstructed in the spring of 2005 . The studies by Kitamura et al (2012) and Mizoguchi et al (2014a) provide a more detailed description and additional information regarding the meteorological measurements. …”

Section: Flux and Meteorological Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kitamura et al (2012) reported on the carbon balance of this forest for the first 4 years (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003). Seasonal and interannual variations in CO 2 flux were evaluated and characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a windthrow disturbance on the carbon balance of a broadleaf deciduous forest in Hokkaido, Japan

2015

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Abstract.Forests play an important role in the terrestrial carbon balance, with most being in a carbon sequestration stage. The net carbon releases that occur result from forest disturbance, and windthrow is a typical disturbance event affecting the forest carbon balance in eastern Asia. The CO 2 flux has been measured using the eddy covariance method in a deciduous broadleaf forest (Japanese white birch, Japanese oak, and castor aralia) in Hokkaido, where incidental damage by the strong Typhoon Songda in 2004 occurred. We also used the biometrical method to demonstrate the CO 2 flux within the forest in detail. Damaged trees amounted to 40 % of all trees, and they remained on site where they were not extracted by forest management. Gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (Re), and net ecosystem production were 1350, 975, and 375 g C m −2 yr −1 before the disturbance and 1262, 1359, and −97 g C m −2 yr −1 2 years after the disturbance, respectively. Before the disturbance, the forest was an evident carbon sink, and it subsequently transformed into a net carbon source. Because of increased light intensity at the forest floor, the leaf area index and biomass of the undergrowth (Sasa kurilensis and S. senanensis) increased by factors of 2.4 and 1.7, respectively, in 3 years subsequent to the disturbance. The photosynthesis of Sasa increased rapidly and contributed to the total GPP after the disturbance. The annual GPP only decreased by 6 % just after the disturbance. On the other hand, the annual Re increased by 39 % mainly because of the decomposition of residual coarse-wood debris. The carbon balance after the disturbance was controlled by the new growth and the decomposition of residues. The forest management, which resulted in the dead trees remaining at the study site, strongly affected the carbon balance over the years. When comparing the carbon uptake efficiency at the study site with that at others, including those with various kinds of disturbances, we emphasized the importance of forest management as well as disturbance type in the carbon balance.

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“…To this end, O 3 concentrations at flux tower sites were monitored and compared with those at adjacent air pollutant monitoring stations. As the nighttime stomatal O 3 uptake is negligible because of stomatal closure during nighttime (Gerosa et al, 2004;Kitao et al, 2014), this study mainly focused on the daytime O 3 concentrations over the forests, when the global radiation was greater than 50 Wm -2 (Kohno et al, 2005;Gerosa et al, 2007 Ohtani et al, 2001): the Sapporo forest meteorology research site (site code SAP in AsiaFlux, http://asiaflux.net, Kitamura et al, 2012), the Appi forest meteorology research site (API, Yasuda et al, 2012), and the Yamashiro forest hydrology research site (YMS, Kominami et al, 2008). Monitoring of CO 2 , energy, and water vapor fluxes has been conducted at these three forest tower sites since 2000 and the measurements are publicly available on the Internet (http://www2.ffpri.affrc.go.jp/labs/flux/ index.html).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of ozone concentrations above forests using atmospheric observations at urban air pollution monitoring stations

Komatsu

Yoshimura

Fujii

et al. 2015

J. Agric. Meteorol.

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As tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) concentrations over Japan are increasing, there is concern over its potential adverse effects on forest trees induced by stomatal uptake in the daytime. Although atmospheric data, including O 3 levels, have been frequently collected at air pollution monitoring stations in urban areas since the 1970s, continuous recording of O 3 concentration data above forests has been less frequent. Therefore, O 3 concentrations above forests were monitored at three flux towers in Sapporo, Appi, and Yamashiro from 2012 onwards. Furthermore, past daytime O 3 concentrations in the forests were estimated by a multiple regression model using atmospheric and meteorological data of the forests and nearby monitoring stations. The obtained daytime (sunrise to sunset) forest O 3 concentrations were positively correlated with urban O 3 concentrations, although less correlated early in the morning. In the multiple regression analysis, the model with the minimum Akaike information criterion was employed using data from 2012 and validated using data from 2013. To assess past O 3 risk, we estimated O 3 concentrations over the forests from 2000 to 2011 and calculated the cumulative exposure index AOT40 during daylight hours (≥ 50 Wm -2 global radiation). Among the three sites, AOT40 was lowest in the Sapporo forest site and did not exceed the critical level for the dominant canopy species (Betula platyphylla var. japonica and Quercus mongolica var. crispula) from 2000 to 2011. Conversely, since the dominant canopy species of the Appi forest site is Fagus crenata, categorized as a highly O 3 -sensitive species, the forest of Appi was subject to AOT40 above the critical level throughout the period from 2001 to 2011. As AOT40 of Yamashiro has increased and exceeded the critical level of the dominant canopy species, Q. serrata (a moderately O 3 -sensitive species), since 2006, the forest of Yamashiro might have suffered some adverse effects of O 3 exposure.

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Interannual variability of net ecosystem production for a broadleaf deciduous forest in Sapporo, northern Japan

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Evidence of formation of submicrometer water‐soluble organic aerosols at a deciduous forest site in northern Japan in summer

Evidence of formation of submicrometer water‐soluble organic aerosols at a deciduous forest site in northern Japan in summer

Effects of a windthrow disturbance on the carbon balance of a broadleaf deciduous forest in Hokkaido, Japan

Estimation of ozone concentrations above forests using atmospheric observations at urban air pollution monitoring stations

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