Interannual Variability of the Northern Winter Stratospheric Circulation Related to the QBO and the Solar Cycle

Naito, Yoko; Hirota, Isamu

doi:10.2151/jmsj1965.75.4_925

Cited by 92 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Kodera et al (2000) have shown that the PJO signal is very prominent in the NH winter when stratospheric major sudden warmings take place. Naito and Hirota (1997) have shown that major warmings occur mainly at QBO easterly/solar minimum or QBO westerly/solar maximum. So, we have also conducted the analysis presented in this paper by including QBO effect to see the cross effect as a trial.…”

Section: Discussion and Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Solar Activity on the Polar-night Jet Oscillation in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere Winter.

Kuroda¹,

Kodera²

2002

JMSJ

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Effect of the modulation of the Polar-night jet oscillation (PJO) in winter time by the 11-year solar cycle is examined by the observational data from 1979 to 1999. It is found that zonal wind and the E-P flux anomalies appear commonly in the subtropical upper stratosphere in early winter of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres as a response to meridional UV heating contrast. These zonal wind anomalies are found to propagate poleward and downward with development as a seasonal march in both hemispheres. Although the length of the record is limited, it is suggested from the available data that the signal due to solar activity appears as the time evolution of the PJO triggered by solar forcing at early winter in both hemispheres. Differences in the signals between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres during late winter are explained in terms of the different characteristics of the PJO in each hemisphere. A significant temperature signal is also found to appear in the Southern Hemisphere in late winter under a solar maximum condition.

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Section: Discussion and Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Solar Activity on the Polar-night Jet Oscillation in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere Winter.

Kuroda¹,

Kodera²

2002

JMSJ

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“…Consistently, cold polar temperatures occur during LW and HE van Loon, 1987, 1992; henceforth LvL), although the latter signal is weaker (Labitzke et al, 2006;henceforth LKB06) and its statistical robustness has been challenged (Camp and Tung, 2007;henceforth CT07). Another way of viewing this result Naito and Hirota, 1997) is that the so-called Holton Tan effect Tan, 1980, 1982), in which polar temperatures are colder during wQBO than eQBO, is only effective when the Sun is less active.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of solar variability and the quasi-biennial oscillation on lower atmospheric temperatures and sea level pressure

Roy

Haigh

2011

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Our fundamental aim is to investigate solar cycle signals in sea level pressure. In order to see if these may relate, especially at high latitudes, to the solar influence on the stratosphere we start by investigating the temperature of the winter polar stratosphere and its dependence on the state of the Sun and the phase of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO). We find that the choice of pressure level used to define the phase of the QBO is important in determining how the solar and QBO influences appear to act in combination.Informed by this we carry out a multiple linear regression analysis of zonal mean temperatures throughout the lower stratosphere and troposphere. A combined solar*QBO temporal index exhibits strongly in the lower stratosphere, but in much of the troposphere any influence of the QBO, either on its own or coupled to solar effects is much smaller than the pure solar signal.We use a similar approach to analyse sea level pressure (SLP) data, first using a standard QBO time series dating back to 1953. We find at high latitudes that individually the solar and QBO signals are weak but that the compound solar*QBO temporal index shows a significant signal. This is such that combinations of low solar activity with westerly QBO and high solar activity with easterly QBO are both associated with a strengthening in the polar modes; while the opposite combinations coincide with a weakening. By employing a QBO dataset reconstructed back to 1900, we extend the SLP analysis back to that date and also find a robust signal in the surface SAM; though weaker for surface NAM.Our results suggest that solar variability, modulated by the phase of QBO, influences zonal mean temperatures at high latitudes in the lower stratosphere, in the mid-latitude troposphere and sea level pressure near the poles. Thus a knowlCorrespondence to: I. Roy (indrani r@hotmail.com) edge of the state of the Sun, and the phase of the QBO might be useful in surface climate prediction.

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“…The relationship between the interannual variability of the stratospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and the equatorial QBO has been investigated since the 1980's, and it is known that the polar vortex tends to be stronger in the westerly phase than in the easterly phase of the QBO (e.g., Tan 1980, 1982;Dunkerton and Baldwin 1991), although the opposite aspect is observed in the maximum phase of the solar cycle (e.g., Labitzke and van Loon 1988;Naito and Hirota 1997). It is generally considered that a key point is propagation of the planetary waves which is changed due to the latitudinal shift of ''zero-wind line'' (in which the zonal mean flow vanishes) by the QBO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planetary Wave Diagnostics on the QBO Effects on the Deceleration of the Polar-night Jet in the Southern Hemisphere.

Naito

2002

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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A composite analysis with respect to the phases of the equatorial quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is made for the zonal-mean zonal flow and the Eliassen-Palm (EP) flux during late winter to spring in the Southern Hemisphere.It is shown that deceleration in the lower stratosphere in September to October is more rapid in the easterly phase of the QBO than in the westerly phase, which makes the stratospheric zonal wind in November weaker. Such deceleration is consistent with the larger convergence of the EP flux observed in the easterly phase, which is associated with the stronger upward flux from the troposphere. It is also found that the equatorward flux in the upper troposphere is stronger in the westerly phase. These results for the EP flux diagnostics are discussed in terms of angular momentum budget of the atmosphere within a supposed zonally symmetric ''body-of-rotation''.The composite difference of the upward flux is dominated by zonal wavenumber 1-3 component, whereas wavenumber 4-6 is predominant for the equatorward flux. Accordingly, it is suggested to be inappropriate to explain the difference of these fluxes between the QBO phases by considering the alternative directions of propagation of particular wave components due to change in refractive index. It seems that activities of wave disturbances in both scales are modified respectively by the QBO.

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Interannual Variability of the Northern Winter Stratospheric Circulation Related to the QBO and the Solar Cycle

Cited by 92 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of Solar Activity on the Polar-night Jet Oscillation in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere Winter.

Effect of Solar Activity on the Polar-night Jet Oscillation in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere Winter.

The influence of solar variability and the quasi-biennial oscillation on lower atmospheric temperatures and sea level pressure

Planetary Wave Diagnostics on the QBO Effects on the Deceleration of the Polar-night Jet in the Southern Hemisphere.

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