Interleukin 1 of the central nervous system is produced by ameboid microglia.

Giulian, Dana; Baker, T. J.; Shi-h, Lin; Lachman, LB

doi:10.1084/jem.164.2.594

Cited by 803 publications

(299 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Cytokines, neuronal, and glial markers in central structures As described previously after nerve injury (Hains et al, 2004;Verge et al, 2004), we observed microglia activation in both SN-CCI and IoN-CCI rats with a concomitant upregulation of IL-1␤ mRNA levels, supporting the idea that IL-1␤ is produced by ameboid microglia (Giulian et al, 1986;Ferrari et al, 1997). Activated microglia is a key feature of pain hypersensitivity, and recent data have shown that its blockade prevents development of allodynia-like behavior in animal models of neuropathic pain (Raghavendra et al, 2003;Ledeboer et al, 2005;Piao et al, 2006).…”

Section: Cytokines Neuronal and Glial Markers In Sensory Gangliasupporting

confidence: 66%

Differential Implication of Proinflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-6 in the Development of Cephalic versus Extracephalic Neuropathic Pain in Rats

et al. 2008

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Responses resulting from injury to the trigeminal nerve exhibit differences compared with those caused by lesion of other peripheral nerves. With the aim of elucidating the physiopathological mechanisms underlying cephalic versus extracephalic neuropathic pain, we determined the time course expression of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1␤, neuronal injury (ATF3), macrophage/microglial (OX-42), and satellite cells/astrocyte (GFAP) markers in central and ganglion tissues in rats that underwent unilateral chronic constriction injury (CCI) to either infraorbital nerve (IoN) (cephalic area) or sciatic nerve (SN) (extracephalic area). Whereas CCI induced microglial activation in both models, we observed a concomitant upregulation of IL-6 and ATF3 in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the lumbar cord in SN-CCI rats but not in the ipsilateral spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve (Sp5c) in IoN-CCI rats. Preemptive treatment with minocycline (daily administration of 20 mg/kg, i.p., for 2 weeks) partially prevented pain behavior and microglial activation in SN-CCI rats but was ineffective in IoN-CCI rats. We show that IL-6 can upregulate OX-42 and ATF3 expression in cultured microglia and neurons from spinal cord, respectively, as well as in the dorsal horn after acute intrathecal administration of the cytokine. We propose that IL-6 could be one of the promoters of the signaling cascade leading to abnormal pain behavior in SN-CCI but not IoN-CCI rats. Our data further support the idea that different pathophysiological mechanisms contribute to the development of cephalic versus extracephalic neuropathic pain.

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Section: Cytokines Neuronal and Glial Markers In Sensory Gangliasupporting

confidence: 66%

Differential Implication of Proinflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-6 in the Development of Cephalic versus Extracephalic Neuropathic Pain in Rats

et al. 2008

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“…Microglia usually act to eliminate microorganisms and deleterious debris and may be involved in neuroprotection by producing neurotrophic factors [9,41]. Microglia also have a cytotoxic function because they release reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, or inflammatory cytokines; these released factors produce immunological actions and act on neurons to alter their function [2,4,8,10,11,23,40,43]. NSAIDs might affect the SC indirectly through signals from the DRG or direct suppression of cytokines expression in spinal microglia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) on pain-related behavior in a rat model of neuropathic pain

et al. 2014

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Introduction Some antidepressants are effective for treating neuropathic pain independent of any effect on depression. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are one of the potential agents to treat neuropathic pain. The aims of this study were to compare the effects of SSRI and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on pain-related behavior and expression of cytokines in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Materials and methods Spinal surgery was performed to apply nucleus pulposus (NP) to the dorsal root ganglion (DRG). NP animals were treated with saline (NP ? S

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“…Furthermore, IL-1 family cytokines consist of six principle, related family members, i.e., three receptor ligands (IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra)), two receptor subtypes (IL-1RI and IL-1RII) and an accessory protein (IL-1AcP) (Dinarello, 1996). These IL-1 family inflammatory mediators show cell-specific patterns of production, expression and release since ligands are made principally by glia (and some neurons) while astrocytes and neurons express the signal transducing IL-1 receptor, IL-1RI (Ban et al, 1991(Ban et al, , 1993Fontana et al, 1982;Giulian et al, 1986;Lechan et al, 1990). In addition, neurons (and glia) can be differentially distributed between and within various brain regions (Dombrowski et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of multiplexed bead-based cytokine immunoassays for rat serum and brain tissue

Hulse

Kunkler

Fedynyshyn

et al. 2004

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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The ability to simultaneously quantify multiple signaling molecule protein levels from microscopic neural tissue samples would be of great benefit to deciphering how they affect brain function. This follows from evidence that indicates signaling molecules can be pleiotropic and can have complex interactive behavior that is regionally and cellularly heterogeneous. Multiplexed examination of tissue proteins has been exceedingly difficult because of the absence of available techniques. This void now has been removed by the commercial availability of bead-based immunoassays for targeted proteins that allow analyses of up to 100 (6-150 kDa) proteins from as little as 12 μl. Thus far used only for sera (human and mouse) and culture media, we demonstrate here that sensitive (as low as 2 pg/ml), wide-ranging (up to 2-32 000 pg/ml), accurate (8% intra-assay covariance) and reliable (4-7% inter-assay covariance) measurements can be made of nine exemplary cytokines (e.g., IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF-α) simultaneously not only from rat serum but, for the first time, also brain tissue. Furthermore, we describe animal handling procedures that minimize stress as determined by serum glucocorticoid levels since they can influence cytokine expression.

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Interleukin 1 of the central nervous system is produced by ameboid microglia.

Cited by 803 publications

References 32 publications

Differential Implication of Proinflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-6 in the Development of Cephalic versus Extracephalic Neuropathic Pain in Rats

Differential Implication of Proinflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-6 in the Development of Cephalic versus Extracephalic Neuropathic Pain in Rats

The effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) on pain-related behavior in a rat model of neuropathic pain

Optimization of multiplexed bead-based cytokine immunoassays for rat serum and brain tissue

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