Intestinal Absorption and Tissue Distribution of Aza-Sugars from Mulberry Leaves and Evaluation of Their Transport by Sugar Transporters

Takasu, Soo; Parida, Isabella Supardi; Ito, Junya; Kojima, Yoshihiro; Eitsuka, Takahiro; Kimura, Toshiyuki; Nakagawa, Kiyotaka

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03005

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…These results suggested that in the M. australis fruit extract, 1-DNJ is not a main inhibitor of α-amylase, but is a main inhibitor of α-glucosidase, and that neither fagomine nor GAL-DNJ is a main inhibitor of α-amylase or α-glucosidase. Amézqueta et al (2017) reported that orally administered fagomine in rats was partly absorbed but mostly excreted in feces within 24 h. Takasu et al (2020) reported that orally administered GAL-DNJ in rats is partly degraded into galactose and 1-DNJ. Considering these results, the contribution of fagomine and GAL-DNJ to the inhibition of α-glucosidase cannot be underestimated from our results.…”

Section: Morus Australis Fruitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase by Morus australis fruit extract and its components iminosugar, anthocyanin, and glucose

Qiao

Ikeda

Ito

et al. 2022

Journal of Food Science

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The inhibition of α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase are important for the maintenance of blood glucose level. Mammalian α‐glucosidase includes maltase–glucoamylase and sucrase–isomaltase complexes. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effects of Morus australis fruit extract and its components, that is, three iminosugars (1‐deoxynojirimycin [1‐DNJ], fagomine, and 2‐O‐α‐D‐galactopyranosyl deoxynojirimycin), two anthocyanins (cyanidin‐3‐glucoside and cyanidin‐3‐rutinoside), and glucose, against α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase. We also quantified the concentration of each component in M. australis fruit extract. The IC50 values of the fruit extracts of four M. australis subspecies were >10 mg/ml for α‐amylase, 1.1–1.7 mg/ml for maltase, 6.9–8.6 mg/ml for glucoamylase, 0.13–1.0 mg/ml for sucrase, and 0.46–1.4 mg/ml for isomaltase. When the IC50 value of each component and the concentration of each component in the fruit extract were taken into consideration, our results indicated that glucose are involved in the inhibition of α‐amylase, and 1‐DNJ and glucose are involved in the inhibition of α‐glucosidase. This is in contrast to that in M. australis leaf, neither anthocyanin nor glucose are contained, and 1‐DNJ is a main inhibitor. Practical Application It is widely accepted that inhibition of α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase is one of the strategies to treat type‐2 diabetes. Today, acarbose, miglitol, and voglibose are clinically used for this purpose. Our results that 1‐DNJ and anthocyanin are present in Morus australis fruit and are involved in the inhibition of α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase suggest that M. australis fruit is a healthy sweetener.

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Section: Morus Australis Fruitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase by Morus australis fruit extract and its components iminosugar, anthocyanin, and glucose

Qiao

Ikeda

Ito

et al. 2022

Journal of Food Science

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“…Another report claimed morphine brain accumulation of ~ 0.01% from oral dose of 9 mg/kg 41 . Considering a brain-transportable natural compound, 1-deoxynojirimycin showed an appropriate accumulation of ~ 1.2 pmol/mg in the brain of Sprague–Dawley rats after oral administration at 40 μmol or 6.5 mg/kg 42 , 43 . Conversely, despite the low accumulation or poor uptake ratio of 0.0037% of Tyr-[ 13 C 5 , 15 N]Pro in the mouse brain at 10 mg/kg observed in the present oral administration study, we have previously shown significant improvement in impaired memory in amyloid β-induced AD mice following daily Tyr-Pro intake (100 mg/kg, twice a day) for 16 days 18 suggesting that low Tyr-Pro accumulation, even at 100 mg/kg, would be effective when one expects a preventive effect against the onset of AD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A memory-improving dipeptide, Tyr-Pro, can reach the mouse brain after oral administration

Cheng,

Tanaka,

Yoshino

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The transport and accumulation of orally administered functional food-derived peptides in the brain was not fully explored. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to provide critical evidence regarding brain accumulation of a memory-improving soy dipeptide, Tyr-Pro, following oral administration. Stable isotope-labeled Tyr-Pro (Tyr-[13C5,15N]Pro) was orally administered to male ICR mice at 10 or 100 mg/kg. Surprisingly, the intact labeled Tyr-Pro exhibited maximal plasma and brain levels 15 min after administration (plasma: area under the curve [AUC0–120 min], 1331 ± 267 pmol·min/mL-plasma; brain: AUC0–120 min of 0.34 ± 0.11 pmol·min/mg-dry brain, at 10 mg/kg). In addition, we detected labeled Tyr-Pro in the brain parenchyma, indicating a validated blood–brain-barrier (BBB) transportability. Moreover, we confirmed the preferable accumulation of Tyr-Pro in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and cortex with > 0.02 pmol/mg-tissue. In conclusion, we provided the first evidence that orally administered Tyr-Pro at 10 mg/kg directly entered the blood circulation with an absorption ratio of 0.15%, of which 2.5% of Tyr-Pro was transported from the plasma to the mouse brain parenchyma.

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“…The therapy had a significant effect on triglycerides, which reduced from 310 80 mg/dL at standard to 242 76 mg/dL at 12 weeks, but no other lipids changed statistically significantly (29). Mulberry leaves can also be made into tea.…”

Section: Beneficial Effect In Hyperlipidemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Composition, Bioactive Compounds and Hypolipidemic Effects of Mulberry Leaves

Khawani

Rizwan

Noreen

2023

NJNS

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Mulberry (Morus spp., Moracecae) is a notable remedial and multi-functional plant. Distinct mulberry types are spread in subtropical, temperate and tropical areas all over the world but the plant mainly is common in China, Korea, India and Asian countries. Mulberry leaves carry a number of bioactive compounds with it along with various pharmacological effects. It is an magnificent origin of nutrients, and phytochemical and is been proven as a nutraceutical. They also act as antioxidant to prevent lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. Mulberry leaves have a broad extent of therapeutic effects having bacteriostatic, anti-hyperlipidemia, lowering blood glucose, anti-hypertensive, and antiviral properties. The goal of this analysis is to estimate the direct action of extract of mulberry leaves on hyperlipidemic induced rats model. The present study will contribute evidence-based results regarding the antihyperlipidemic effects of mulberry leaves. Previous studies suggest that mulberry leaves is highly effective to manage hyperlipidemia and dyslipidemia due to their lipid ameliorating and antioxidant effect.

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Intestinal Absorption and Tissue Distribution of Aza-Sugars from Mulberry Leaves and Evaluation of Their Transport by Sugar Transporters

Cited by 11 publications

References 30 publications

Inhibition of α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase by Morus australis fruit extract and its components iminosugar, anthocyanin, and glucose

Inhibition of α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase by Morus australis fruit extract and its components iminosugar, anthocyanin, and glucose

A memory-improving dipeptide, Tyr-Pro, can reach the mouse brain after oral administration

Nutritional Composition, Bioactive Compounds and Hypolipidemic Effects of Mulberry Leaves

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