Intestinal microflora in rats with ischemia/reperfusion liver injury

Abstract

Abstract:Objectives: To investigate the intestinal microflora status related to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) liver injury and explore the possible mechanism. Methods: Specific pathogen free grade Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups: Control group (n=8), sham group (n=6) and I/R group (n=10). Rats in the control group did not receive any treatment, rats in the I/R group were subjected to 20 min of liver ischemia, and rats in the sham group were only subjected to sham operation. Twenty-two hours later, the rats were sacrificed and liver enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), serum endotoxin, intestinal bacterial counts, intestinal mucosal histology, bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and kidney were studied. Results: Ischemia/reperfusion increased liver enzymes, MDA, decreased SOD, and was associated with plasma endotoxin elevation in the I/R group campared to those in the sham group. Intestinal Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli decreased and intestinal Enterobacterium and Enterococcus, bacterial translocation to kidney increased in the I/R group compared to the sham group. Intestinal microvilli were lost, disrupted and the interspace between cells became wider in the I/R group. Conclusion: I/R liver injury may lead to disturbance of intestinal microflora and impairment of intestinal mucosal barrier function, which contributes to endotoxemia and bacterial translocation to kidney.

Structural Shifts of Fecal Microbial Communities in Rats with Acute Rejection after Liver Transplantation

“…However, this equilibrium can be disrupted by pathological conditions. Characteristic changes in the intestinal microbial community have been found in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) [19], obesity [20], type 2 diabetes [21], acute liver injury [22], hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury [23] and Graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD) [24]. Although most of the intestinal microbial species are inability to cultivate, molecular techniques based on the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences allow detailed studies to be made on intestinal bacterial communities [25].…”

Long-Term Influence of Prepubertal Testicular Torsion on Spermatogenesis

“…Besides the I/R in- jury, an immunological mechanism should attribute to the further injury [18,19] . Antioxidant treatments have been used successfully to decrease reperfusion injury in multiple organ systems such as heart [20] , bowel [21] and liver [22] . Combined with detorsion, it has been reported that allopurinol [23] and superoxide dismutase plus catalase [2] treatment caused a signifi cant rescue of testes' function after testicular torsion.…”

Mechanism of protective effects of Danshen against iron overload-induced injury in mice

“…Listed in the Pharmacopoeia of China for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders (Jinping et al, 2003;Kang et al, 2004), Danshen injection, the aqueous extract of Danshen, is widely used in experimental and clinical treatment of liver diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated the protective effects of Danshen against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury (Qin and Sun, 2001;Xing et al, 2005). These observations suggest that Danshen may be useful in the treatment of iron overload diseases.…”