Intestinal morphology adjustments caused by dietary restriction improves the nutritional status during the aging process of rats

Belém, Mônica de Oliveira; Cirilo, Carla Possani; Santi-Rampazzo, Ana Paula de; Schoffen, João Paulo Ferreira; Comar, Jurandir Fernando; Natali, Maria Raquel Marçal; Araújo, Eduardo José de Almeida

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2015.05.002

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Recent studies have suggested that dietary restriction (and therefore dietary fibre restriction) of rodents resulted in an overall reduction in small intestinal length alongside morphological and functional changes in the duodenum consistent with a drive for increased absorptive capacity (increased height of villi, decreased enterocyte depth and increased expression of brush border membrane proteins) alongside the occurrence of atrophy of the ileal mucosa (de Oliveira Belém, Cirilo, de Santi-Rampazzo, Schoffen, Comar, Natali, et al, 2015). A reduction in the number of goblet cells was also noted.…”

Section: Dietary Fibre and The Small Intestinal Epitheliummentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of dietary fibres on the physiological processes governing small intestinal digestive processes

Chater

Wilcox

Pearson

et al. 2015

Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre

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Section: Dietary Fibre and The Small Intestinal Epitheliummentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of dietary fibres on the physiological processes governing small intestinal digestive processes

Chater

Wilcox

Pearson

et al. 2015

Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre

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“…The latter may be linked to frailty and sarcopaenia to systemic disorders, such as diabetes and depression, and to degenerative disorders affecting the central nervous system, such as Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis [4 & ]. In rodent studies, caloric restriction (30-50%) may help prevent deleterious effects of ageing of the gastrointestinal tract by promoting changes in gene expression, increased capacity for DNA repair, reductions of oxidative stress and enteric neuronal death, and protection against myenteric neuronal loss, particularly in the proximal colon [6][7][8]. However, caloric restriction can also lead to hypertrophy of the smooth muscle layer of the gut in older (24 months old) compared with younger (7 and 12 months old) rats, which may potentially compromise the neuromuscular function in the colon [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ageing gastrointestinal tract

Soenen

Rayner

Jones

et al. 2016

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

185

113

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Alterations in gut function with ageing have particular implications for oesophageal, gastric, and colonic motility. Older individuals are particularly susceptible to malnutrition, postprandial hypotension, dysphagia, constipation, and faecal incontinence. Decrease in the number of nerve cells of the myenteric plexus that impact digestive absorption and the surface area of the small intestine because of degeneration of villi may lead to blunted absorption of nutrients. Impairment of the intestinal immune system as a result of ageing, including the mucosal layer of the gastrointestinal tract, appears to be a significant contributor to the age-related increase in the incidence and severity of infections.

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“…Food restriction has been reported to improve the oxidative stress in the plasma of aging rats and in type 2 diabetic rats [ 47 , 58 – 60 ]. In the present study, food restriction reduced the levels of protein carbonyl groups in the plasma of both DER and DNR diabetic animals and it shows that the ROS-oxidative injury to proteins was reduced in the plasma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food restriction promotes damage reduction in rat models of type 2 diabetes mellitus

et al. 2018

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There are several animal models of type 2 diabetes mellitus induction but the comparison between models is scarce. Food restriction generates benefits, such as reducing oxidative stress, but there are few studies on its effects on diabetes. The objective of this study is to evaluate the differences in physiological and biochemical parameters between diabetes models and their responses to food restriction. For this, 30 male Wistar rats were distributed in 3 groups (n = 10/group): control (C); diabetes with streptozotocin and cafeteria-style diet (DE); and diabetes with streptozotocin and nicotinamide (DN), all treated for two months (pre-food restriction period). Then, the 3 groups were subdivided into 6, generating the groups CC (control), CCR (control+food restriction), DEC (diabetic+standard diet), DER (diabetic+food restriction), DNC (diabetic+standard diet) and DNR (diabetic+food restriction), treated for an additional two months (food restriction period). The food restriction (FR) used was 50% of the average daily dietary intake of group C. Throughout the treatment, physiological and biochemical parameters were evaluated. At the end of the treatment, serum biochemical parameters, oxidative stress and insulin were evaluated. Both diabetic models produced hyperglycemia, polyphagia, polydipsia, insulin resistance, high fructosamine, hepatic damage and reduced insulin, although only DE presented human diabetes-like alterations, such as dyslipidemia and neuropathy symptoms. Both DEC and DNC diabetic groups presented higher levels of protein carbonyl groups associated to lower antioxidant capacity in the plasma. FR promoted improvement of glycemia in DNR, lipid profile in DER, and insulin resistance and hepatic damage in both diabetes models. FR also reduced the protein carbonyl groups of both DER and DNR diabetic groups, but the antioxidant capacity was improved only in the plasma of DER group. It is concluded that FR is beneficial for diabetes but should be used in conjunction with other therapies.

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Intestinal morphology adjustments caused by dietary restriction improves the nutritional status during the aging process of rats

Cited by 16 publications

References 45 publications

The impact of dietary fibres on the physiological processes governing small intestinal digestive processes

The impact of dietary fibres on the physiological processes governing small intestinal digestive processes

The ageing gastrointestinal tract

Food restriction promotes damage reduction in rat models of type 2 diabetes mellitus

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