Investigating the Incidence of Candida Species in Women with Vulvovaginitis in East of Iran

Abstract

A set of fungal (candida (c.) albicans), bacterial and parasitic agents have a role in the incidence of Vulvovaginitis infectious form. To investigate Candida species incidence in east Iran, sixty-five Vulvovaginitis patients (20-50 years old) entered the study. Vaginal specimens were obtained and cultured. The PCR was performed to expand the ITS1-5.8s-ITS2 rDNA gene regions. Of the whole patients, 64% with c. albicans showed moderate and 36% severe symptoms. In non-albicans groups, 60% were moderate and 40% had severe symptoms. In the negative group, 28.6% were mild, 68.6% had moderate, and 2.8% had severe symptoms. Individuals under a diploma were the most frequent of the education level. 56% of the c. albicans group, and 40% of the non-albicans groups had taken fluconazole. 20% of the non-albicans groups also had taken azithromycin. 40% had not any taken. In sum, 2.9% had taken azithromycin, and 2.9% also two drugs of the azithromycin-metronidazole in the negative group. In sum, in the negative group, 2.9% were azithromycin, 2.9% the azithromycin-metronidazole, and 94.3% were without a history of antibiotic takes. 56% of the c. albicans and 40% non-albicans also were with a history of fluconazole takes (P<0.005). 60% of the albicans and 2.9% of the negative groups had relapses. After the PCR-RFLP technique, 13.4% of isolates were identified as c. dublinensis and 86.95% as c. albicans. In the end, c. albicans and then glabrata was introduced as the most common species. The incidence rate of albicans species also was higher than the other studies.