ObjectivesThis study was performed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of health care workers (HCWs) towards radiation protection.MethodsIn this systematic review study, three international databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus) were searched for related published articles in the English language from 1 January 2000 to 1 February 2020. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Hoy et al. tool.ResultsOut of the 1,848 studies examined, 41 studies that were performed on 11,050 HCWs were included in the final stage. The results indicated that in most studies, more than half (50%) of the participants had average knowledge. Furthermore, 60% of the participants had a positive attitude, but in most studies, they had average practice regarding radiation protection. The most important recommendation for improving KAP among the participants was incorporating radiation protection standards in the student curriculum.ConclusionConsidering the results of the study, further attention should be paid to proper education regarding radiation protection standards and improvement of HCW performance.

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A set of fungal (candida (c.) albicans), bacterial and parasitic agents have a role in the incidence of Vulvovaginitis infectious form. To investigate Candida species incidence in east Iran, sixty-five Vulvovaginitis patients (20-50 years old) entered the study. Vaginal specimens were obtained and cultured. The PCR was performed to expand the ITS1-5.8s-ITS2 rDNA gene regions. Of the whole patients, 64% with c. albicans showed moderate and 36% severe symptoms. In non-albicans groups, 60% were moderate and 40% had severe symptoms. In the negative group, 28.6% were mild, 68.6% had moderate, and 2.8% had severe symptoms. Individuals under a diploma were the most frequent of the education level. 56% of the c. albicans group, and 40% of the non-albicans groups had taken fluconazole. 20% of the non-albicans groups also had taken azithromycin. 40% had not any taken. In sum, 2.9% had taken azithromycin, and 2.9% also two drugs of the azithromycin-metronidazole in the negative group. In sum, in the negative group, 2.9% were azithromycin, 2.9% the azithromycin-metronidazole, and 94.3% were without a history of antibiotic takes. 56% of the c. albicans and 40% non-albicans also were with a history of fluconazole takes (P<0.005). 60% of the albicans and 2.9% of the negative groups had relapses. After the PCR-RFLP technique, 13.4% of isolates were identified as c. dublinensis and 86.95% as c. albicans. In the end, c. albicans and then glabrata was introduced as the most common species. The incidence rate of albicans species also was higher than the other studies.

Background & Objective: In this study, the relationship between ultrasonic marker of fetal lung maturity and lamellar body number was studied. Materials & Methods:A comprehensive literature review was performed on papers published from 2004 to 2016 by searching databases including NCBI, Science Direct, Springer, and Web of Science as well as native databases such as Iran DAC, Islamic science citation (ISC), and Magiran with a special focus on presented articles. Keywords used include body count, fetal lung, and ultrasonic. Results and Conclusion:In this study we used ultrasonic marker of fetal lung maturity and related this to lamellar body count and neo natal outcome. The ultrasonic marker of fetal lung maturity can reduce mortality and morbidity in neonate A limited study has been performed in the field of ultrasonic marker of fetal lung maturity and it is suggested that detailed studies be performed in this field in other parts of Iran as well.