Investigation of acute effects of aflatoxin on rat proximal and distal colon spontaneous contractions

Gürsoy, Nevcihan; Durmuş, Nedim; Bağcıvan, İhsan; Saraç, Bülent; Parlak, Ahmet; Yıldırım, Seda; Kaya, Tijen

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2008.05.028

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The in vitro experiments of the present study further demonstrated that AF directly influenced murine esophageal contractility, which is consistent with previous reports concerning the gastrointestinal systems of animals (33). AF has been shown to induce abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting and severe erosions (34). The present study found that a 500 ng/ml concentration of AF B 1 increased both the amplitude and frequency of leS contractions, and that these effects were driven by cholinergic signaling, as they were rapidly blocked by atropine sulfate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Aflatoxin influences achalasia symptomatology

Lin

Gao

et al. 2020

Mol Med Report

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achalasia is characterized by impaired swallowing due to lower esophageal sphincter (leS) dysfunction and an increased risk of esophageal carcinoma. Aflatoxin is a known carcinogen. esophageal retention is relieved by per oral endoscopic myotomy (PoeM), which lowers the esophageal cancer risk. The present study determined whether aflatoxin is involved in the pathogenesis of achalasia or esophageal cancer. a total of 75 patients with achalasia were prospectively enrolled from a tertiary center. Aflatoxin levels in their esophageal contents were measured using eliSa, and esophageal mucosal specimens were immunohistochemically evaluated for Ki67 and p53 expression prior to and 3 months after POEM. The effect of aflatoxin on esophageal contractility was assessed using murine specimens. Aflatoxin was detected in 67 patients before PoeM and only 2 patients after PoeM. The number of Ki67-and p53-immunopositive cells in the esophageal mucosa significantly decreased after PoeM: [Ki67: 27.8% (95% confidence interval (CI), 25.98-29.70) vs. 20.7% (95% ci, 19.78-24.03), P=0.04 and p53: 2.14% (95% ci, 1.85-2.41) vs. 1.45% (95% ci, 1.22-1.68), P=0.03]. In vitro experiments revealed that 500 ng/ml aflatoxin significantly increased the amplitude (P<0.05) and frequency (P<0.05) of spontaneous leS contractions compared with the control group. These increases were blocked by co-treatment with atropine sulfate (P<0.05), but not with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (P>0.05). Aflatoxin was found in most patients with achalasia and was eliminated following PoeM. reduced Ki67 and p53 expression after POEM indicated a decreased risk of carcinogenesis. Aflatoxin accumulation increased LES contractility via cholinergic signaling. Therefore, aflatoxin may maintain achalasia symptoms and increase esophageal cancer risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Aflatoxin influences achalasia symptomatology

Lin

Gao

et al. 2020

Mol Med Report

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“…The abdominal symptoms observed in our case are included among symptoms usually reported in AFs intoxication [9,10], and may be related to a direct effect of AFs in the colon, as described both in vitro [9] and in experimental animals [8]. The absence of other clinical adverse effects is consistent with knowledge about AFs exposure in well developed countries [12].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Unexpected aflatoxin exposure in a woman in northern Italy: a case report

Perduri

Gobba

2009

Cases J

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IntroductionIn well-developed countries scant attention is currently devoted to the risk of unknown exposure to aflatoxins, highly toxic and carcinogenic compounds. Nevertheless, unexpected ingestion of foods contaminated by these toxins can occasionally occur virtually worldwide.Case presentationA 38-year-old woman living in Northern Italy developed unexplained abdominal symptoms after ingestion of aflatoxin-contaminated meat. The possible relation between symptoms and aflatoxins ingestion, the potential risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and the medical management of the case are discussed.ConclusionIn well-developed countries aflatoxins exposure should be considered in case of unexplained abdominal symptoms. Cancer risk cannot be assessed, nevertheless individual counselling and periodical medical examinations are recommended.

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“…The latter could also explain the moderate inhibitory effect of L-NAME seen in the first 10 min of the colonic response. Several studies have also shown a region specific lack of L-NAME stimulatory effect in the gastrointestinal tract (25), particularly when the colon is under a stimulated state (19). It is nevertheless possible for NO to be involved in the propagation of the high-amplitude waves and transit by facilitating descending relaxation as has previously been described in rats (37).…”

Section: Validity Of Solid-state Manometry For Conscious Mouse Colon mentioning

confidence: 89%

Cholinergic giant migrating contractions in conscious mouse colon assessed by using a novel noninvasive solid-state manometry method: modulation by stressors

Gourcerol¹,

Wang²,

Adelson³

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Gourcerol G, Wang L, Adelson DW, Larauche M, Taché Y, Million M. Cholinergic giant migrating contractions in conscious mouse colon assessed by using a novel noninvasive solid-state manometry method: modulation by stressors. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 296: G992-G1002, 2009. First published March 19, 2009 doi:10.1152/ajpgi.90436.2008.-There is a glaring lack of knowledge on mouse colonic motility in vivo, primarily due to unavailability of adequate recording methods. Using a noninvasive miniature catheter pressure transducer inserted into the distal colon, we assessed changes in colonic motility in conscious mice induced by various acute or chronic stressors and determined the neurotransmitters mediating these changes. Mice exposed to restraint stress (RS) for 60 min displayed distal colonic phasic contractions including highamplitude giant migrating contractions (GMCs), which had peak amplitudes Ͼ25 mmHg and occurred at a rate of 15-25 h Ϫ1 of which over 50% were aborally propagative. Responses during the first 20-min of RS were characterized by high-frequency and high-amplitude contractions that were correlated with defecation. RS-induced GMCs and fecal pellet output were blocked by atropine (0.5 mg/kg ip) or the corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) receptor antagonist astressin-B (100 g/kg ip). RS activated colonic myenteric neurons as shown by Fos immunoreactivity. In mice previously exposed to repeated RS (60 min/day, 14 days), or in transgenic mice that overexpress CRF, the duration of stimulation of phasic colonic contractions was significantly shorter (10 vs. 20 min). In contrast to RS, abdominal surgery abolished colonic contractions including GMCs. These findings provide the first evidence for the presence of frequent cholinergic-dependent GMCs in the distal colon of conscious mice and their modulation by acute and chronic stressors. Noninvasive colonic manometry opens new venues to investigate colonic motor function in genetically modified mice relevant to diseases that involve colonic motility alterations.

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Investigation of acute effects of aflatoxin on rat proximal and distal colon spontaneous contractions

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Aflatoxin influences achalasia symptomatology

Aflatoxin influences achalasia symptomatology

Unexpected aflatoxin exposure in a woman in northern Italy: a case report

Cholinergic giant migrating contractions in conscious mouse colon assessed by using a novel noninvasive solid-state manometry method: modulation by stressors

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