Investigation of carbon-supported Pt nanocatalyst preparation by the polyol process for fuel cell applications

Oh, Hyung Suk; Oh, Jaehak; Hong, Youn Gi; Kim, Han Sung

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2007.05.080

Cited by 121 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The resulting suspension was kept under vigorous stirring for t = 1 h under argon atmosphere before being refluxed at T = 433 K for t = 3 h. The solution was allowed to cool down to room temperature under air atmosphere for t = 12 h with continuous stirring. 69 The pH of the mixture was then adjusted to 3 using a 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 aqueous solution and left for t = 24 extra hours. Finally, the solution was filtered and copiously washed with deionized water before being dried at T = 383 K for t = 1 h. The resulting carbon supported PtNi catalyst was grinded using a mortar to obtain a fine powder.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Performance and the Stability of Porous Hollow PtNi/C Nanostructures for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

et al. 2015

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Due to their increased surface area to volume ratio and molecular accessibility, microporous and mesoporous materials are a promising strategy to electrocatalyze the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the key reaction in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). Here, we synthesized and provided atomically resolved pictures of porous hollow PtNi/C nanocatalysts, investigated the elemental distribution of Ni and Pt atoms, measured the Pt lattice contraction, and correlated these observations to their ORR activity. The best porous hollow PtNi/C nanocatalyst achieved 6 and 9-fold enhancement in mass and specific activity for the ORR, respectively over standard solid Pt/C nanocrystallites of the same size. The catalytic enhancement was 4 and 3-fold in mass and specific activity, respectively, over solid PtNi/C nanocrystallites with similar chemical composition, Pt lattice contraction, and crystallite size. Furthermore, 100% of the initial mass activity at E = 0.90 V vs RHE (0.56 A mg −1 Pt) of the best electrocatalyst was retained after an accelerated stress test composed of 30 000 potential cycles between 0.60 and 1.00 V vs RHE (0.1 M HClO 4 T = 298 K), therefore meeting the American Department of Energy targets for 2017−2020 both in terms of mass activity and durability (0.44 A mg −1 Pt, mass activity losses < 40%). The better catalytic activity for the ORR of hollow PtNi/C nanocatalysts is ascribed to (i) their opened porosity, (ii) their preferential crystallographic orientation ("ensemble effect"), and (iii) the weakened oxygen binding energy induced by the contracted Pt lattice parameter ("strain effect").

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Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Performance and the Stability of Porous Hollow PtNi/C Nanostructures for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

et al. 2015

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“…The diffraction peaks of the PtNi/C alloy catalysts shift to higher angles as compared to that of Pt/C, indicating a lattice contraction arising from the substitution of the smaller Ni atoms for the larger Pt atoms. All the XRD peaks can be indexed as face-centered cubic (fcc) structure [7,8]. The lattice parameters and the mean PtNi/C particle sizes were calculated with Scherrer's formula based on Pt(111) peak and listed in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Pt Atomic Ratio in the Activity PtNi/C Nanocatalysts for the PEMFC

Rusnaeni¹,

Purwanto²,

Nasikin³

et al. 2011

itbj.eng.sci.

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Abstract. Pt-Ni/C alloy nanocatalysts synthesized by polyol method with different atomic ratio are investigated to enhance activity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for fuel cell applications. Prepared catalysts are characterized by various techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). XRD analysis shows that all prepared catalysts with different atomic ratio exhibit face centered cubic and have smaller lattice parameters than pure Pt catalyst. The mean particle size of the catalysts are between 4.3 to 6.3 nm. Cyclic voltammograms with scan rate 5 mV s-1 at 25 o C obtain range the electrochemical active surface (EAS) between 40 to 164 cm2/mgPt, mass activity (MA) and specific activity (SA) of nanocatalysts PtNi/C in the potential range 900 mV versus RHE between 3.61 to 8.42 mA/mgPt, and 0.05 to 0.09.

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“…Zhao et al, 2011). Synthesis of dispersed Pt supported catalysts has been widely used in electrodes developed for fuel cells (H. Oh et al, 2007;Senthil Kumar et al, 2010;Vengatesan et al, 2008). Black carbon materials have been used to improve electrical conductivity and dispersion of active material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size control of carbon-supported platinum nanoparticles made using polyol method for low temperature fuel cells

Favilla

Acosta

Schvezov

et al. 2013

Chemical Engineering Science

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Size control of carbon-supported platinum nanoparticles made using polyol method for low temperature fuel cells, Chemical Engineering Science, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces. 2013.05.067 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractThe aim of this work is to present the results of the synthesis of Pt nanoparticles using the modified polyol method, using carbon black powder Vulcan XC-72R as a support. Two different techniques were used to synthesize the catalysts: a) fixing the initial concentration of the precursor (2 mM in H 2 PtCl 6 ) while adding the required amount of support to obtain different nominal loads of platinum; b) changing the initial concentration of the precursor to obtain altogether 10 wt.% nominal load of platinum. Catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The particles obtained ranged in sizes between 2.2 and 6.2 nm. These sizes were controlled by the initial concentration of the precursor. It has been found that the concentration of nanoparticles formed during synthesis was the same regardless of a) the initial concentration of the precursor and b) the amount of carbon support. In order to explain experimental results a new and simple statistical and geometrical treatment is used.

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Investigation of carbon-supported Pt nanocatalyst preparation by the polyol process for fuel cell applications

Cited by 121 publications

References 20 publications

Tuning the Performance and the Stability of Porous Hollow PtNi/C Nanostructures for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Tuning the Performance and the Stability of Porous Hollow PtNi/C Nanostructures for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

The Influence of Pt Atomic Ratio in the Activity PtNi/C Nanocatalysts for the PEMFC

Size control of carbon-supported platinum nanoparticles made using polyol method for low temperature fuel cells

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