Investigation of electrochemical double-layer (ECDL) capacitors electrodes based on carbon nanotubes and activated carbon materials

Emmenegger, Ch.; Mauron, Philippe; Sudan, P.; Wenger, P.; Hermann, Vincent; Gallay, R.; Züttel, Andreas

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(03)00590-1

Cited by 267 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…, which is much larger than that of the G-paper (64 F cm Ϫ3 ), carbon nanotubes (Ͻ16 F cm Ϫ3 ), 10,41 carbide-derived carbon (61Ϫ90 F cm Ϫ3 ), 42 and activated carbons (usually less than 50 F cm…”

Section: ϫ3mentioning

confidence: 92%

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Fabrication of Graphene/Polyaniline Composite Paper via In Situ Anodic Electropolymerization for High-Performance Flexible Electrode

et al. 2009

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Flexible energy storage devices 1Ϫ3 have many potential applications in portable electronic devices, 4Ϫ6 including roll-up display, electronic paper, stretchable integrated circuits, and wearable systems for personal multimedia, computing, or medical devices. Flexible supercapacitors are available with large power density, moderate energy density, good operational safety, and long cycling life and hence are highly desirable as a modern energy storage system. 7 A freestanding binder-free electrode with favorable mechanical strength and large capacitance is a vital component of a flexible supercapacitor. Although transition metal oxides and conducting polymers have been widely studied as supercapacitor electrode materials, only carbon-based materials have shown favorable flexibility and hence been promising as freestanding soft electrodes. Papers, films, and/or clothes made from carbon nanotubes/fibers have been demonstrated to be suitable as freestanding electrodes.2,8Ϫ13 Nevertheless, the less active surface of carbon materials always prevents them from high capacitance performance. The incorporation of an electrochemically active second phase in a carbonbased freestanding electrode can dramatically enhance the electrode capacitance.14 Graphene is an intriguing twodimensional carbon material and has attracted much research attention due to several breakthroughs in fundamental research and promising practical applications. 15Ϫ30Chemical modified graphene exhibits enormous active edges and oxygen functional groups. It has extraordinary electrochemical and mechanical properties comparable to or even better than carbon nanotubes. 21,26,27 Flexible papers with graphene sheet or graphene oxide sheet as sole building block have already been fabricated by flow-directed assembly. 16,25,31,32 Graphene paper presents excellent tensile modulus up to 35 GPa and room temperature electrical conductivity of 7200 S m Ϫ1. 25 These intriguing characteristics enable graphene paper as a freestanding electrode. Various conducting polymers have been widely studied as electrode materials for supercapacitors because of their high capacitance, easy production, and low cost. However, poor conductivity and weak flexibility of conducting polymers limit them from usage in high-performance flexible supercapacitors. It has been confirmed that graphene can enhance not only the electric conductivity of silica 18 but especially the mechanical strength of polymer composites. 21 This work is aimed to prepare graphene-conducting polymer composite paper as a flexible electrode combining the advantages of graphene paper (high

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Section: ϫ3mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…41,43 The volumetric capacitance of the G-paper and GPCP is also larger than that of a graphene/binder paste electrode (ϳ53 F cm…”

Section: ϫ3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Graphene/Polyaniline Composite Paper via In Situ Anodic Electropolymerization for High-Performance Flexible Electrode

et al. 2009

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“…However, various studies [4][5][6][7][8] have pointed out the limitations of these materials for high power applications. For example, it has been [12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of templated mesoporous carbons in supercapacitors

Sevilla

Álvarez

Centeno

et al. 2007

Electrochimica Acta

119

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By analogy with other types of carbons, templated mesoporous carbons (TMCs) can be used as supercapacitors. Their contribution arises essentially from the double layer capacity formed on their surface, which corresponds to 0.14 F m −2 in aqueous electrolytes such as H 2 SO 4 and KOH and 0.06 F m −2 for the aprotic medium (C 2 H 5 ) 4 NBF 4 in CH 3 CN. In the case of a series of 27 TMCs, it appears that the effective surface area determined by independent techniques can be as high as 1500-1600 m 2 g −1 , and therefore exceeds the value obtained for many activated carbons (typically 900-1300 m 2 g −1 ). On the other hand, the relatively low amount of surface oxygen in the present TMCs, as opposed to activated carbons, reduces the contribution of pseudo-capacitance effects and limits the gravimetric capacitance to 200-220 F g −1 for aqueous electrolytes. In the case of non-aqueous electrolyte, it rarely exceeds 100 F g −1 .It is also shown that the average mesopore diameter of these TMCs does not improve significantly the ionic mobility compared with typical activated carbons of pore-widths above 1.0-1.3 nm.This study suggests that activated carbons remain the more promising candidates for supercapacitors with high performances.

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“…Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been extensively studied for supercapacitor applications. Numerous papers have been focused on the use of CNTs as the active material, due to their exceptional properties [11][12][13][14]: a high electronic conductivity and a high usage efficiency of their specific surface area thanks to a unique pore texture. The frequency behaviour of cells using electrodes containing activated carbon (AC)/CNTs mixture with various compositions was studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrode surface treatment and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study on carbon/carbon supercapacitors

2005

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OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. This is an author-deposited version published in: http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/ Eprints ID : 2600 ABSTRACT Power improvement in supercapacitors is mainly related to lowering the internal impedance. The real part of the impedance at a given frequency is called ESR (equivalent series resistance). Several contributions are included in the ESR: the electrolyte resistance (including the separator), the active material resistance (with both ionic and electronic parts) and the active material/current collector interface resistance. The first two contributions have been intensively described and studied by many authors. The first part of this paper is focused on the use of surface treatments as a way to decrease the active material/current collector impedance. Al current collector foils have been treated following a two-step procedure: electrochemical etching and sol-gel coating by a highly-covering, conducting carbonaceous material. It aims to increase the Al foil/active material surface contact leading to lower resistance. In a second part, carbon-carbon supercapacitor impedance is discussed in term of complex capacitance and complex power from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data. This representation permits extraction of a relaxation time constant that provides important information on supercapacitor behaviour. The influence of carbon nanotubes addition on electrochemical performance of carbon/carbon supercapacitors has also been studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

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Investigation of electrochemical double-layer (ECDL) capacitors electrodes based on carbon nanotubes and activated carbon materials

Cited by 267 publications

References 22 publications

Fabrication of Graphene/Polyaniline Composite Paper via In Situ Anodic Electropolymerization for High-Performance Flexible Electrode

Fabrication of Graphene/Polyaniline Composite Paper via In Situ Anodic Electropolymerization for High-Performance Flexible Electrode

Performance of templated mesoporous carbons in supercapacitors

Electrode surface treatment and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study on carbon/carbon supercapacitors

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