Investigation of heavy metal contents in infusion tea samples of Iran

Parviz, M; Eshghi, Navid; Asadi, Sonia; Teimoory, Hossein; Rezaei, Mohammad

doi:10.3109/15569543.2015.1072562

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…According to the national food safety standard (GB 2762-2017) [ 4 ] and the Ministry of Agriculture tea heavy metals limited standards (NY/T 288-2012, NY 659-2003) in China [ 5 , 6 ], the standard limit values are 5.0, 30, 2.0, 0.3, 1.0, and 5.0 mg·kg −1 for Pb, Cu, As, Hg, Cd, and Cr, respectively. It was reported that heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, As, Mn, Hg, and Cu) pollution has occurred in some tea garden soils in recent years as a result of high soil background values, the application of pesticides and chemical fertilizers containing heavy metals, and industrial activities [ 1 , 7 , 8 ]. The mechanism of heavy metal enrichment in tea trees is very complex, and is related to the age and organs of tea trees, soil physico-chemical properties, the elements’ properties, contents, and the speciation [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Tea Leaves and Potential Health Risk Assessment: A Case Study from Puan County, Guizhou Province, China

Zhang

Yang

Chen

et al. 2018

IJERPH

131

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This study features a survey of the concentrations of aluminum (Al) and heavy metals (Mn, Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn) in tea leaves and the corresponding cultivation soils (0–30 cm), carried out in Puan County (Guizhou Province, China). The average concentrations of Al, Mn, Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn in the soil were 106 × 103, 214, 20.9, 0.09, 0.12, 17.5, 121, 27.8, 131.2, and 64 mg·kg−1, respectively. The heavy metals’ pollution indexes in the soil can be ranked as follows: Cu > Cr > Hg > As > Ni > Zn > Pb > Mn > Cd. The soil was moderately polluted by Cu because of the high geochemical background value of Cu in the area. The potential environment risk index (RI) showed that 7.69% out of the total sample sites were within the moderate level. Moreover, the ranges of Al, Mn, Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn concentrations in young tea leaves were 250–660, 194–1130, 0.107–0.400, 0.012–0.092, 0.014–0.085, 0.073–0.456, 0.33–1.26, 6.33–14.90, 14.90–26.10, and 35.8–50.3 mg·kg−1, respectively. While in mature tea leaves, they were 4300–10,400, 536–4610, 0.560–1.265, 0.040–0.087, 0.043–0.089, 0.189–0.453, 0.69–2.91, 3.43–14.20, 6.17–16.25, and 9.1–20.0 mg·kg−1, respectively. Furthermore, the concentrations of Pb, Cu, As, Hg, Cd, and Cr in young tea leaves and mature tea leaves were all lower than the standard limit values (5.0, 30, 2.0, 0.3, 1.0, and 5.0 mg·kg−1 for Pb, Cu, As, Hg, Cd, and Cr, respectively) in China. Besides, the accumulation ability of tea leaves to Mn was the strongest, and the average bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Mn in mature tea leaves was 12.5. In addition, the average target hazard quotients (THQ) were all less than one for the young tea leaves and the average aggregate risk hazard index (HI) to adults was 0.272, indicating that there was not a potential health risk for adults through the consumption of the infusions brewed by young tea leaves. However, for mature tea leaves, the percentage which HI values were above one was 38.46%, and the risk to adults via the consumption of mature tea infusions were mainly contributed by Mn and Al.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Tea Leaves and Potential Health Risk Assessment: A Case Study from Puan County, Guizhou Province, China

Zhang

Yang

Chen

et al. 2018

IJERPH

131

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“…Barerlla et al reported that one of the highest concentrations of heavy metals were found in dietary weight loss supplements containing yerba mate [20]. The source of cadmium in herbal leaves may be related to arti cial fertilizers, plant protection chemicals containing the metal and possible contamination of soils caused by industrial activities, as in the case of tea leaves [21,22,23]. The latter plant is a brown alga which occurs, e.g., in the Baltic Sea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium in Herbal Weight Loss Products as a Health Risk Factor for Consumers

Dziubanek

Konwant

Rogala

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Herbal weight loss remedies are produced on the basis of various plant species which could accumulate heavy metals from the environment. The consumption of contaminated herbal preparations could be a source of consumer exposure to toxic metals. The aim of the study was to evaluate the content of cadmium in selected herbal weight loss products available on the Polish market in terms of exposure of consumers to the heavy metal included in herbal infusions prepared from the studied products and the related health risk. The study included 29 herbal weight loss products available on the Polish market. The content of cadmium in the analyzed dried herbs and herbal infusions was analyzed. On the basis of the obtained results, the exposure of consumers to cadmium and related health risk were estimated. Cadmium concentration in dried herbs did not exceed the maximum allowable concentration. The exposure of consumers of the most contaminated herbal infusions to cadmium could be even equal to half of the reference dose, which is an acceptable exposure threshold. The total health risk of consumers resulting from the dietary exposure to cadmium could be high because the analyzed herbal products are not the essential part of the total diet.

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“…Many investigators collected tea samples from major tea-growing countries and found that all tea samples released Al during a standard infusion period (Wong et al 1998;Shokrzadeh et al 2008;Fung et al 2009). Tea leaves and leaf infusions were found to contain high concentrations of Al which associated with the different production processes, quality of the tea, industrial activity and the use of pesticides and fertilizers (Rao 1994;Atafar et al 2010;Parviz et al 2015). The present results are in parallel with A 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa B 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa C 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa 0.10 ± 0.001 Aa the results of Fung et al (2009) who found that all the tested tea brands released Al during the tested infusion periods and the infusion time influences the contents of Al, where the solubility of Al in boiling water showed that the transfer of Al to the brew was positively correlated with the infusion time (Ghoochani et al 2015).…”

Section: Mineral Analysis Of Tea Infusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimated daily intake of epichlorohydrin and certain heavy metals of bagged and loose black teas

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to determine the levels of epichlorohydrin (ECH) and some metals in 3 brands of bagged and loose black teas which are widely marketed in Alexandria markets, Egypt, and estimate the acceptable daily intake as a safety indicator. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry results revealed that ECH levels significantly differed between the tested brands steeped for 2 min and tea bags contained higher levels than in loose teas and the levels increased by increasing the steep time. These levels of ECH in all the tested brands either in tea bags or loose teas were higher than the guideline value of 0.10 μg/L. Also, the results illustrated that the adding of sucrose or washing of bags with deionized water for 1 min significantly decreased the levels of ECH. In addition, inductively coupled plasma optic emission spectrometry (ICP–OES) results illustrated that the levels of Al, Pb, and Cd were too low in infusions compared to the established guidelines. Because of the high consumption of tea in Alexanria city, Egypt, it is necessary to determine the contribution of tea to the daily dietary intake of ECH, Al, Pb and Cd. In case of the bagged teas, the calculated daily intake of ECH was on average about 55.37 times greater than that in loose teas. The consumption of both bagged and loose teas infusion could not pose a risk for population as the health hazard index was < 1. It can be concluded that consumers who prefer to use tea bags should rinse these bags before preparing the tea brewer, and do not increase the steeping time to more than 2 min.

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Investigation of heavy metal contents in infusion tea samples of Iran

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Tea Leaves and Potential Health Risk Assessment: A Case Study from Puan County, Guizhou Province, China

Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Tea Leaves and Potential Health Risk Assessment: A Case Study from Puan County, Guizhou Province, China

Cadmium in Herbal Weight Loss Products as a Health Risk Factor for Consumers

Estimated daily intake of epichlorohydrin and certain heavy metals of bagged and loose black teas

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