Investigation of organic sulphur forms in coals by high pressure temperature-programmed reduction

Geochemical Characterization of Released Bound Biomarkers by Catalytic Hydropyrolysis of Ordovician Source Rock from Tarim Basin, China

“…In previous studies, the catalytic effects were mainly proved by the two facts: 1) yields of DCM-soluble oil in the hydropyrolysate were surprisingly higher than those directly from DCM extracts; 2) C 33 -C 35 17β(H), 21β(H)-hopanes occurred in the hydropyrolysate, which were usually absent in the DCM extracts (Love et al, 1995;Robinson et al, 1991;Lafferty et al, 1993). In this present study, HyPy was conducted on real geological samples lacking free biomarkers and released the complete range of bound biomarkers.…”

“…The free biomarkers are obtained by conventional Soxhlet extraction; the others can be released by pyrolysis or chemical degradation. Hydropyrolysis (HyPy) in the presence of a dispersed molybdenum catalyst at hydrogen pressures of 15 MPa has previously been found to release bound biomarkers with large yields of liquid products (Love et al, 1995;Robinson et al, 1991;Lafferty et al, 1993). The compared results of sequential dichloromethane (DCM) and pyridine extraction with catalytic hydrogenation and hydropyrolysis treatment of an immature source rock and an oil shale (Love et al, 1995) showed that, the yields and configurations of the hopanes released by hydropyrolysis were between three and ten times more than from DCM extracts, while the biologically-inherited (thermodynamically unstable) 17β(H), 21β(H) stereochemistries of the biomarkers remained in the hydropyrolysate (Love et al, 1995;.…”

Development of a Temperature Programmed Identification Technique to Characterize the Organic Sulphur Functional Groups in Coal

“…It should be noted that at this stage there are only three main groups left behind i.e., pyrite, complex thiophenes and inorganic sulphates. The oxidation temperature ranges as found by [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] for the evolution of SO 2 for these three groups are pyrite (250-380 • C), complex thiophenes (450-600 • C), and inorganic sulphates (above 650 • C), respectively.…”

“…This means that complex thiophenes are calculated and not determined. Another technique which has similarities to TPR is the so-called "Temperature Programmed Reduction" method [22]. The contribution of pyrite was also studied by partial float/sink removal and by HNO 3 extraction.…”

Release of organic nitrogen compounds from Kerogen via catalytic hydropyrolysis

“…In an open-system, ®xed-bed reactor con®guration with an active catalyst dispersed in the sample, overall conversions are typically greater than 90% for petroleum source rocks with high selectivities to soluble tar products. 1,2 Hydropyrolysis was ®rst developed and applied as an analytical pyrolysis method for liberating covalently-bound hydrocarbon structures from kerogen by Love et al 3 Subsequent work has demonstrated the unique ability of the hydropyrolysis procedure to release higher yields of aliphatic biomarker hydrocarbons (including n-hydrocarbons, hopanes, steranes and methyl steranes) from immature kerogens in comparison with solvent extraction and conventional pyrolysis methods 4±8 with excellent retention of product structural and stereochemical features. A more recent study has shown that immature biomarker hydrocarbons can also be released from oil and source rock asphaltenes and that the biomarker pro®les produced from hydropyrolysis are useful for source correlation purposes.…”