Investigation of structure, morphology, photoluminescence, linear and third-order nonlinear optical properties of Sn1−xLaxO2 thin films for optical limiting applications

Experimental and theoretical exploration of the new stilbazolium-family single crystal grown by the integration of a novel anion for optical limiting and optoelectronic applications

“…The outcomes of this experiment clearly indicate that DMMA is an apt material for red-colored solid-state laser and display applications. 53 The CCT (1782.47 K) value of the DMMA crystal falls in the red region of the ideal Plankanian spectrum.…”

“…The intensity-dependent refractive index is observed due to the local temperature difference between the laser irradiance spot and the fringe of the crystal sample. 53 The closed aperture trace is used to estimate the phase shift, and from the calculated value, the nonlinear refraction of the DMMA was derived using the following equation. 75 n 2 ¼ DF 0 KI 0 L eff (19) Theoretically, the closed aperture trace can be plotted with the help of the below formula; both the experimental and theoretical curves are depicted in Fig.…”

“…The intensity-dependent refractive index is observed due to the local temperature difference between the laser irradiance spot and the fringe of the crystal sample. 53 The closed aperture trace is used to estimate the phase shift, and from the calculated value, the nonlinear refraction of the DMMA was derived using the following equation. 75 …”