Investigation of the interactions of cationic guar with human hair by electrokinetic analysis

Abstract

Objective Cationic guar is an important polysaccharide used as a hair conditioning agent in personal care products. In this article, we report streaming potential data demonstrating its behaviour as it interacts electrostatically with hair. Several cationic guar variants with different molecular weights (MWs) and charge densities (CDs) were examined. Methods All experiments were carried out with a custom‐designed streaming potential instrument so that in situ, real‐time data were monitored during the treatment of a hair plug with aqueous solutions of cationic guar and subsequent treatment with anionic surfactants—sodium laureth sulfate (SLES) and cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB)—commonly found in contemporary shampoo formulations. Results The MW of the cationic guar variants plays an integral role in determining the thickness of the adsorbed polymer layer on the hair surface while CD influences the zeta potential. Data were also generated for the treatment of hair with a cationic flexible polymer (polyquaternium‐28) and cationic conditioning surfactant (behentrimonium chloride) to provide a frame of reference. The deposition behaviour on hair of high MW cationic guar variants is distinct from these conventional molecules in terms of its electrokinetic properties. We also examined the electrokinetic behaviour of cationic guar on hair types from different racial backgrounds. While the cationic guar treatment yielded similar results for the different hair types, anionic surfactant treatment resulted in quicker sorption and desorption from African, European 65% grey, and Mulatto hair as compared to Chinese, European dark brown, and Indian hair. Conclusion We introduce an in situ technique for measuring the dynamic sorption/desorption of charged molecules on the surface of human hair. Evaluation of a series of cationic guar species revealed varying behaviour depending on the MW and CD of the polysaccharide. Our data also demonstrate differences in the desorption properties of typical shampoo surfactants for hair from diverse racial backgrounds.

pH responsive cationic guar gum-borate self-healing hydrogels for muco-adhesion

“…CGG is widely used in food [ 16 ], skincare [ 19 , 20 ], and hair products [ 18 ] due to their easy availability, reasonable cost, and biocompatibility. In addition, BA is a constituent of eye drops [ 68 ] used in clinics.…”

Boundary Lubrication Performance of Polyelectrolyte–Surfactant Complexes on Biomimetic Surfaces

“…Figure a shows the structural formula of the guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride monomer. The backbone consists of two β- d -mannopyranose units with an α- d -galactose branch functionalized with a quaternary ammonium group …”

“…47 ■ MATERIALS AND METHODS Polyelectrolyte Model. For the polyelectrolyte, we selected CGG, or more specifically guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, which is a quaternary ammonium-functionalized polysaccharide with high-molecular weight (M w = 1,000,000−3,000,000 g mol −1 ) 33,49,50 and promising friction properties on hair. 23 Figure 1a shows the structural formula of the guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride monomer.…”

“…These alternatives can be derived from natural sources, but should provide an equal or superior performance . One promising class of sustainable polymers are polysaccharides, such as guar gum, which can be extracted from the seeds of the guar plant . Guar gum is used extensively in food products as a texture and rheology modifier and its derivatives, such as cationic guar gum (CGG), have become increasingly important in several industries, such as oil and gas extraction as well as textile and paper processing .…”

“…The backbone consists of two β-D-mannopyranose units with an α-Dgalactose branch functionalized with a quaternary ammonium group. 33 The MARTINI force field 44,45 has been used to study a wide range of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes and surfactants in bulk 51−54 and in the presence of surfaces. 42 MARTINI typically uses a 4:1 mapping of heavy atoms to coarse-grained beads.…”