Investigation of water injection benefits on downsized boosted direct injection spark ignition engine

Zhuang, Yuan; Sun, Yu; Huang, Yuhan; Teng, Quincy; He, Bo; Chen, Wei; Qian, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116765

Cited by 45 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It can be seen from the relevant literature [4,21,22] that when the equivalence ratio is from 0.9 to 1.1, the knock trend is more obvious. The equivalent ratio of the experimental working condition was 1.1; therefore, the equivalent ratio was selected to be 1.1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Spark Ignition Timing and Water Injection Temperature on the Knock Combustion of a GDI Engine

Zheng

2020

Energies

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A turbocharged downsizing spark ignition (SI) engine cooperating with an in-cylinder direct injection technology is one of the most effective ways to improve the power and economy of gasoline engines. However, engine knock has limited the application and development of the downsizing of gasoline engines. Water injection technology can effectively suppress the knock. In this study, a method of numerical simulation was used to explore the effect of the water injection temperature on the combustion and suppression of the knock. First of all, the knock of the gasoline engine was induced by advancing the spark timing. Then, when the other conditions were the same, different water injection temperatures were set. The results show that lowering the water injection temperature reduced the knock intensity in the cylinder, but increasing the water injection temperature made the water distribution more uniform, and the peak values of each monitoring point were more consistent. The circulating work power increased with the increase of the water injection temperature. For emissions, as the temperature of the water injection increased, the emissions of soot and unburned hydrocarbons (UHCs) decreased, and NOx slightly increased.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water injection technology has regained the attention of researchers. With the development of computational combustion dynamics and chemical dynamics, the applied research of water injection technology in internal combustion engines has also gradually deepened [21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Spark Ignition Timing and Water Injection Temperature on the Knock Combustion of a GDI Engine

Zheng

2020

Energies

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“…The highly downsized boosted engine is more prone to knocking combustion as they run under much higher intake pressures. The direct water injection was applied in simulations to minimise the knocking combustion at the higher load boundary [38,39]. In addition to mitigating knocking combustion, water injection also helps to reduce in-cylinder NOx emissions and pre-turbine temperature to protect the turbine.…”

Section: Operation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Boost System for a High Performance 2-Stroke Boosted Uniflow Scavenged Direct Injection Gasoline (BUSDIG) Engine

Wang¹,

Zhao²

2020

SAE Technical Paper Series

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A 2-stroke boosted uniflow scavenged direct injection gasoline (BUSDIG) engine was researched and developed at Brunel University London to achieve higher power-to-mass ratio and thermal efficiency. In the BUSDIG engine concept, the intake scavenge ports are integrated to the cylinder liner and controlled by the movement of piston top while exhaust valves are placed in the cylinder head. Systematic studies on scavenging ports, intake plenum, piston design, valve opening profiles and fuel injection strategies have been performed to investigate and optimise the scavenging performance and in-cylinder fuel/air mixing process for optimised combustion process. In order to achieve superior power performance with higher thermal efficiency, the evaluation and optimisation of the boost system for a 1.0 L 2-cylinder 2-stroke BUSDIG engine were performed in this study using one dimensional (1D) engine simulations. The results show that the engine exhaust valve opening (EVO) timing and exhaust duration (ED) are key parameters affecting the engine performance with the single-stage turbocharging (T). By using an earlier EVO timing of 80 ⁰CA and a longer ED of 140 ⁰CA, a maximum brake power of 130.7 kW could be achieved at 3200 rpm and peak torque output of 488 N*m at 1600 rpm. Simulations were also performed to evaluate the engine performance with combined boost systems with a supercharger upstream the turbocharger (S-T) and a turbocharger upstream the supercharger (T-S). The results indicate that the combined boost systems increase both engine power and torque compared to the single-stage turbocharging system. In particular, the peak brake power and torque of the 1.0 L BUSDIG engine could reach 143.7 kW at 4000 rpm and 492 N*m at 800 rpm with the S-T setup.

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“…In Reference [6], Zhuang et al experimentally analyzed the influence of port water injection on the consumption and the thermal efficiency of a turbocharged direct injection engine. The tests were conducted at low speed and medium-high load, at stoichiometric condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Water-in-Gasoline Emulsion Produced through Micro-Channels Emulsification

Tornatore¹,

Marchitto²,

Teodosio³

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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This paper presents an experimental study investigating the effects of water-in-gasoline emulsion (WiGE) on the performance and emissions of a turbocharged PFI spark-ignition engine. The emulsions were produced through a micro-channels emulsifier, potentially capable to work inline, without addition of surfactants. Measurements were performed at a 3000 rpm speed and net Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (IMEP) of 16 bar: the engine point representative of commercial ECU map was chosen as reference. In this condition, the engine, fueled with gasoline, runs overfueled (λ = 0.9) to preserve the integrity of the turbocharger from excessive temperature, and the spark timing corresponds to the knock limit. Starting from the reference point, two different water contents in emulsion were tested, 10% and 20% by volume, respectively. For each selected emulsion, at λ = 0.9, the spark timing was advanced from the reference point value to the new knock limit, controlling the IMEP at a constant level. Further, the cooling effect of water evaporation in WiGE allowed it to work at stoichiometric condition, with evident benefits on the fuel economy. Main outcomes highlight fuel consumption improvements of about 7% under stoichiometric mixture and optimized spark timing, while avoiding an excessive increase in turbine thermal stress. Emulsions induce a slight worsening in the HC emissions, arising from the relative impact on combustion development. On the other hand, at stoichiometric condition, HC and CO emissions drop with a corresponding increase in NO.

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Investigation of water injection benefits on downsized boosted direct injection spark ignition engine

Cited by 45 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of Spark Ignition Timing and Water Injection Temperature on the Knock Combustion of a GDI Engine

Effect of Spark Ignition Timing and Water Injection Temperature on the Knock Combustion of a GDI Engine

Analysis of the Boost System for a High Performance 2-Stroke Boosted Uniflow Scavenged Direct Injection Gasoline (BUSDIG) Engine

Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Water-in-Gasoline Emulsion Produced through Micro-Channels Emulsification

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