Investigation on the Parasitic Capacitance of High Frequency and High Voltage Transformers of Multi-Section Windings

Deng, Le; Wang, Pengbo; Li, Xiaofeng; Xiao, Houxiu; Peng, Tao

doi:10.1109/access.2020.2966496

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Moreover, transformer C has the largest magnetizing inductance and leakage inductance, as shown in Table 3, which caused resonance at a lower frequency compared with transformers A and B. The parasitic capacitance can be minimized using a multi-section winding configuration [40] or separating the primary and secondary windings on opposite sides of the toroidal core [41].…”

Section: Core Loss Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Comparison of Ferrite and Nanocrystalline Cores for Medium-Frequency Transformer of Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter

et al. 2021

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This article reports an investigation into ferrite and nanocrystalline materials for the medium-frequency transformer of a dual active bridge DC-DC converter, which plays a key role in the converter’s efficiency and power density. E65 MnZn ferrite cores and toroidal and cut nanocrystalline cores are selected for the construction of 20-kHz transformers. Transformer performance is evaluated with a 1.1-kW (42–54 V)/400 V dual active bridge DC-DC converter with single-phase shift and extended phase shift modulations. The experimental results indicate that the toroidal nanocrystalline transformer had the best performance with an efficiency range of 98.5–99.2% and power density of 12 W/cm3, whereas the cut-core nanocrystalline transformer had an efficiency range of 98.4–99.1% with a power density of 9 W/cm3, and the ferrite transformer had an efficiency range of 97.6–98.8% with a power density of 6 W/cm3. A small mismatch in the circuit parameters is found to cause saturation in the nanocrystalline toroidal core, due to its high permeability. The analytical and experimental results suggest that cut nanocrystalline cores are suitable for the dual active bridge DC-DC converter transformers with switching frequencies up to 100 kHz.

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Section: Core Loss Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Comparison of Ferrite and Nanocrystalline Cores for Medium-Frequency Transformer of Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter

et al. 2021

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“…PRC-C can include this in the resonant net. At the same time, in any winding, a small capacitive effect [22][23][24][25] appears between any two adjacent turns, and there are many in the secondary winding of this step-up transformer (r T = 42). Therefore, a noticeable capacitive effect can be measured in the terminals.…”

Section: Power Source Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The output filter of the topology, where there is only a capacitor, affects the resonance C P -L S . In fact, avoiding inductors in the high-voltage side, which would be bulky because of their isolation requirements, makes the filter simpler, but causes the output rectifier to work in discontinuous conduction mode [24]. In fact, the rectifier separates C P and C 0 , with C 0 having several times the capacitance of C P .…”

Section: Power Source Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Voltage LC-Parallel Resonant Converter with Current Control to Detect Metal Pollutants in Water through Glow-Discharge Plasma

et al. 2022

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This paper presents a high-voltage power source to produce glow-discharge plasma in the frame of a specific application. The load has two well-differentiated types of behavior. To start the system, it is necessary to apply a high voltage, up to 15 kV, to produce air-dielectric breakdown. Before that, the output current is zero. Contrarily, under steady state, the output voltage is smaller (a few hundred volts) while the load requires current-source behavior to maintain a constant glow in the plasma. The amount of current must be selectable by the operator in the range 50 mA–180 mA. Therefore, very different voltage gains are required, and they cannot be easily attained by a single power stage. This work describes why the LC-parallel resonant topology is a good single stage alternative to solve the problem, and shows how to make the design. The step-up transformer is the key component of the converter. It provides galvanic isolation and adapts the voltage gain to the most favorable region of the LC topology, but it also introduces non-avoidable reactive components for the resonant net, determining their shape and, to some extent, their magnitude. In the paper, the transformer’s constructive details receive special attention, with discussion of its model. The experimental dynamic tests, carried out to design the control, show load behavior that resembles negative resistance. This fact makes any control loop prone to instability. To compensate this effect, a resistive ballast is proposed, eliminating its impact on efficiency with a novel filter design, based on an inductor, connected in series with the load beyond the voltage-clamping capacitor. The analysis includes a mathematical model of the filtering capacitor discharge through the inductor during the breakdown transient. The model provides insight into the dimensions of the inductor, to limit the discharge current peak and to analyze the overall performance on steady state. Another detail addressed is the balance among total weight, efficiency and autonomy, which appears if the filter inductor is substituted for a larger battery in autonomous operation. Finally, a comprehensive set of experimental results on the real load illustrate the performance of the power source, showing waveforms at breakdown and at steady state (for different output currents). Additionally, the detector’s constructive principles are described and its experimental performance is explored, showing results with two different types of metallic pollutants in water.

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“…1 and the parameters are given in Table I, the equivalent permittivity ε d3 between the inner layer and core of the researched copper-foil inductor, which is dependent on the geometrical structure and material, is given as Then, the equivalent permittivity used for calculating the fringe field capacitance between the sidewall of winding and core, which is fully dependent on the geometrical structures and material information of designed inductors, is given in (22), approximately. The equivalent permittivity used for calculating the fringe field capacitance between the top-surface of winding and core is given in (23). (23) The equivalent capacitance between two adjacent layers is defined as (24).…”

Section: Total Capacitancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [23], a modeling method is proposed to calculate the parasitic capacitance of a high-power transformer, where the fringe field between different sections are considered by using the empirical equations oriented from very-large-systemintegration (VLSI) applications [24]. The parasitic capacitance contributed by the fringe field is usually neglected in most previous modeling methods [10,12,14,20,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitic Capacitance in Copper-Foiled Medium-Voltage Filter Inductors

Zhao¹,

Huang²,

Dalal³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This paper characterizes three parasitic capacitances in copper-foiled medium-voltage inductors. It is found that the conventional modeling method overlooks the effect of the fringe field, which leads to inaccurate modeling of parasitic capacitances in copper-foiled inductors. To address this problem, the parasitic capacitances contributed by the fringe field is identified first, and a physics-based analytical modeling method for the parasitic capacitances contributed by the fringe field is proposed, which avoids using any empirical equations. The total parasitic capacitances are then derived for three different cases with three different core potentials, from which a three-terminal equivalent circuit is derived, and thus, the parasitic capacitances in copper-foiled inductors are explicitly identified. The calculated results show a close agreement with the measured capacitance by using an impedance analyzer.

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Investigation on the Parasitic Capacitance of High Frequency and High Voltage Transformers of Multi-Section Windings

Cited by 24 publications

References 33 publications

Performance Comparison of Ferrite and Nanocrystalline Cores for Medium-Frequency Transformer of Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter

Performance Comparison of Ferrite and Nanocrystalline Cores for Medium-Frequency Transformer of Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter

High-Voltage LC-Parallel Resonant Converter with Current Control to Detect Metal Pollutants in Water through Glow-Discharge Plasma

Parasitic Capacitance in Copper-Foiled Medium-Voltage Filter Inductors

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