Ion Chromatographic Analysis of Selected Free Amino Acids and Cations To Investigate the Change of Nitrogen Metabolism by Herbicide Stress in Soybean (Glycine max)

Abstract

A simple and reliable method for the determination of NH4+, K+, Na+, aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamine, and alanine by ion chromatography has been developed. It is suitable for monitoring changes of nitrogen metabolism in soybean because it can accurately measure concentrations o asparagine and NH4+, two key substances for nitrogen storage and transport in this plant species Analysis of asparagine distribution in soybean indicated that higher levels (up to 18.4 micromol g(-1) of fresh mass) occur in stems and lower levels in roots (2.0 micromol g(-1) of fresh mass) and leaves (1.6 micromol g(-1) of fresh mass). When the herbicide metsulfuron-methyl (0.5, 5, and 50 ppb) was applied via the nutrient solution to the root system, asparagine concentrations increased 3-6 times in stems roots, and leaves. Metsulfuron-methyl is known to impair the synthesis of branched amino acids and, in consequence, protein synthesis. Thus, nitrogen consumption was limited, leading to ar accumulation of asparagine. The possible use of this physiological response in agricultural practice to identify herbicide stress in soybean and to detect low-level residues of sulfonylurea herbicides ir the soil is discussed.

Comparative effects of four herbicides on physiological aspects in Triticum sativum L.

“…It is well known that the increase in proline content might be related to the lipid peroxidation process (Ashraf & Foolad, 2007), under the treatment of these herbicides‐induced oxidative stress in the plant. In support to the obtained data, herbicides‐induced oxidative stress was reported by (Jia et al. , 2001; Huang & Xiong, 2009).…”

Comparative physiological, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses reveal mechanisms of improved abiotic stress resistance in bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L). Pers.] by exogenous melatonin

“…Asparagine accumulation shows that nitrogen re-distribution and mobilization were important features of the melatonin response ( Lea et al , 2007 ; Maaroufi-Dguimi et al , 2011 ). Jia et al (2001) also suggested that asparagine may be a signalling molecule involved in sensing the nitrogen status. In addition, asparagine is an amino group donor for the synthesis of the photorespiratory intermediate glycine.…”

Bacillus: A Biological Tool for Crop Improvement through Bio-Molecular Changes in Adverse Environments

“…Sucrose and fructose concentrations are enhanced in plants to contribute to drought adaptation by increasing root growth (Gagne-Bourque et al, 2016 ). As a consequence of stress, some of the endogenous amino acid accumulation triggers the production of secondary metabolites in stress-affected plants to mitigate oxidative stress (Jia et al, 2001 ). The synthesis of aromatic, glutamic and aspartic amino acid families is greater in plants associated with Bacillus spp.…”