Ionic Liquid‐Based Polymer Nanocomposites for Sensors, Energy, Biomedicine, and Environmental Applications: Roadmap to the Future

Abstract

Current interest toward ionic liquids (ILs) stems from some of their novel characteristics, like low vapor pressure, thermal stability, and nonflammability, integrated through high ionic conductivity and broad range of electrochemical strength. Nowadays, ionic liquids represent a new category of chemical‐based compounds for developing superior and multifunctional substances with potential in several fields. ILs can be used in solvents such as salt electrolyte and additional materials. By adding functional physiochemical characteristics, a variety of IL‐based electrolytes can also be used for energy storage purposes. It is hoped that the present review will supply guidance for future research focused on IL‐based polymer nanocomposites electrolytes for sensors, high performance, biomedicine, and environmental applications. Additionally, a comprehensive overview about the polymer‐based composites’ ILs components, including a classification of the types of polymer matrix available is provided in this review. More focus is placed upon ILs‐based polymeric nanocomposites used in multiple applications such as electrochemical biosensors, energy‐related materials, biomedicine, actuators, environmental, and the aviation and aerospace industries. At last, existing challenges and prospects in this field are discussed and concluding remarks are provided.

Significance of an Electrochemical Sensor and Nanocomposites: Toward the Electrocatalytic Detection of Neurotransmitters and Their Importance within the Physiological System

“…Standard detection techniques of electrochemical sensors primarily include linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The principles of electrochemical sensors are based on materials such as carbon NM’s recognition of disease biomarkers. − …”

Novel Uracil-Functionalized Poly(ionic liquid) Hydrogel: Highly Stretchable and Sensitive as a Direct Wearable Ionic Skin for Human Motion Detection

“…27 Based on these unique physicochemical properties, PIL−polymer composites have been widely used in many fields including sensors, energy storage materials, biomedicine, eco-materials, etc. 28,29 Meanwhile, research on the preparation method and functional improvement of PIL hydrogels has also been quietly carried out. 30−33 Compared with the hydrogel prepared with ionic liquid (IL) as a solvent, the preparation of hydrogels through in situ polymerization of IL monomers has more advantages.…”

“…Recently, polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) have garnered tremendous attention due to their high conductivity, chemical stability, structural designability, antibacterial activity, and biocompatibility . Based on these unique physicochemical properties, PIL–polymer composites have been widely used in many fields including sensors, energy storage materials, biomedicine, eco-materials, etc. , Meanwhile, research on the preparation method and functional improvement of PIL hydrogels has also been quietly carried out. − Compared with the hydrogel prepared with ionic liquid (IL) as a solvent, the preparation of hydrogels through in situ polymerization of IL monomers has more advantages. It avoids the leakage of conventional ionic liquid-impregnated polymer hydrogel caused by deformation and retains the unique properties of PILs.…”

A self-healing and antibacterial electronic skin based on a natural small molecule

“…The CQC structure of [VAIM]Br can further stabilize polymeric materials through quenching the unstable thiyl radical, thus achieving the integration of conductivity and self-healing property. 37 Turpentine oils are plant-derived complex mixtures of various chemicals, which are mainly constituted of a-pinene and b-pinene. 30 Due to the inherent exocyclic double bond, b-pinene displays a higher chemical reactivity, where a series of derivatives have been achieved.…”