Ionized aromatization approach to charged porous polymers as exceptional absorbents

Zhang, Yinghang; Palani, Thiruvengadam; Ming, Wenyong; Qiu, Feng; Yu, Kaijin; Liu, Ping; Su, Yunfeng; Zhang, Fan

doi:10.1039/c9py00366e

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Porous materials are used in various applications, including batteries, separators, medicine applications, and organic syntheses [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. They have been mainly used as watertreatment membranes, gas-separation membranes, battery separators, and catalysts of various syntheses [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Water-Channel by Propylene Glycol into Polymer for Porous Materials

2021

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In this study, a porous membrane with a cellulose acetate (CA) matrix was fabricated using propylene glycol with a water pressure treatment without a metal salt as an additive. The water pressure treatment of the fabricated CA membrane with propylene glycol yielded nanopores. The nanopores were formed as the additives in the CA chains led to plasticization. The weakened chains of the parts where the plasticization occurred were broken by the water pressure, which generated the pores. Compared to the previous study with glycerin as an additive, the size of the hydration region was controlled by the number of hydrophilic functional groups. When water pressure was applied to the CA membrane containing propylene glycol as an additive, the hydration area was small, so it was effective to control the pore size and the number of nano pores than glycerin. In addition, the number of nanopores and pore size could be easily adjusted by the water pressure. The porosity of the membrane was increased owing to the trace amount of propylene glycol, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and porosimetry. The interaction between the CA and propylene glycol was verified by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Consequently, it was the optimum composition to generate pores at the CA/propylene glycol 1:0.2 ratio, and porosity of 69.7% and average pore diameter of 300 nm was confirmed. Since it is a membrane with high porosity and nano sized pores, it is expected to be applied in various fields.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Water-Channel by Propylene Glycol into Polymer for Porous Materials

2021

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“…Instrumental: The Infrared spectra (FT-IR) of the samples were obtained on a WQF-510A infrared spectrometer (Beijing Ruili Analytical Instrument Co., Ltd) with a scanning range from 4000 to 400 cm −1 . Nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR) characterization was performed on Bruker's AVANCE 600 MHz NMR instrument. TGA 7 thermal analyzer (PerkinElmer Instrument Co., Ltd.) was employed to carry to TGA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemical structure of the resultant ionic polymer networks (IPN-CSUs) was characterized by IR, EA (Table S2, Supporting Information) and solid 13 C NMR (Figure S3, Supporting Information). Comparing to the starting monomers (Figure S2, Supporting Information), no obvious bands in the range of 1620-1680 cm −1 were observed for the polymeric networks and the band at 3100 cm −1 corresponding to the C-H stretching for vinyl units was diminished, indicative of the occurrence of free radical polymerization.…”

Section: Characterization Of Dvil and Porous Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, ionic pairs in situ generated during the polymerization process and introduced into the backbone as linking units is widely employed. [13] Unfortunately, the chemistry involved in this scope is limited and the control over the charge density is difficult. Besides, the direct polymerization, involving Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling, [14] Sonogashira coupling, [15,16] and Friedel-Crafts reaction [17] of ionic building blocks into IPNs is the most popular and efficient route.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Knitting Copolymerization Strategy to Build Porous Polytriazolium Salts for Removal of Anionic Dyes and MnO₄⁻

Tang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Although considerable efforts have been devoted to novel ionic porous networks (IPNs), the development of them in a scalable manner to tackle the issues in pollutant treatment by adsorption remains an imminent challenge. Herein, inspired by natural spider webs, a knitting copolymerization strategy is proposed to construct analogue triazolium salt‐based porous networks (IPN‐CSUs). It is not only convenient to incorporate the cationic motifs into the network, but easy to control over the contents of ionic pairs. The as‐prepared IPN‐CSUs displays a high surface area of 924 m2 g−1, a large pore volume of 1.27 cm3 g−1 and abundant ionic sites, thereby exhibiting fast adsorption rate and high adsorption capacity towards organic and inorganic pollutants. The kinetics and thermodynamics study reveal that the adsorption followed a pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model correspondingly. Specifically, the maximum adsorption capacity of the IPN‐CSUs is as high as 1.82 mg mg−1 for permanganate ions and up to 0.54 mg mg−1 for methyl orange, which stands out among the previously reported porous adsorbents so far. It is expected that the strategy reported herein can be extended to the development of other potential efficient adsorbents in water purifications.

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“…Environmental pollution is largely caused by (i) emission of toxic and greenhouse gases such as CO 2 and N 2 O, (ii) domestic and industrial wastewater containing dyes, metal ions, pharmaceutical products, and so forth, and (iii) nuclear wastessuch as iodine, especially 129 I and 131 I. In this context, porous polymer (PP) materials are of growing interest, as a result of their potential applications in energy storage and removal of toxic environmental pollutants, such as CO 2 , dyes, iodine, chromates, metals, fluorides, and so forth. − In the last decade, many articles have been published on the synthesis and applications of such porous materials, and most of them consist of nitrogen-rich polymers (mostly polyaromatics) containing functionalities, such as amines, amides, triazine, and so forth. − In a majority of existing reports, a trade-off between the surface area and active functionality was noted and this restricts transportation of various guest species. Furthermore, post-polymer modification of PPs to enhance the surface functionality is also not fruitful, as it minimized the surface area and pore volume of the premodified systems .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Porous Polymers via a Microgel Intermediate: Green Synthesis and Applications toward the Removal of Pollutants

Avais

Chattopadhyay

2021

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Exploring a synthetic approach to prepare processable hierarchical porous polymers (PPs) is challenging. In the article, a strategic approach is presented, where polymerization (hyperbranching)-induced self-assembly in water leads to the formation of porous microgels (containing both micropores and mesopores), which is followed by spontaneous cross-linking of those intermediate microgels, leading to the formation of PPs. The synthetic process involves simple and green reactions. During this process, hydrophobicity of chosen monomers controls the morphology and porosity of the microgel, which in turn dictates the hierarchical porous morphology of the PPs. Such a synthetic hierarchy during the PP formation in water ensures increase of both surface area and active functionalities among different prototypes. Furthermore, under right conditions, the microgel-based emulsion can be used to form homogeneous porous thin films (average thickness 2−10 nm), which is important in the context of processability of such polymers. The synthesized hierarchical PPs have excellent adsorption capacities for different pollutants, such as iodine (3020 mg/g), methyl orange (1571 mg/g), congo red (1125 mg/g), and high CO 2 uptake capacity with good selectivity.

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Ionized aromatization approach to charged porous polymers as exceptional absorbents

Abstract: One-step ionized aromatization approach to cyclopropenium cation-based porous polymers with ultra-high selective capture of anionic dyes in water.

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

Formation of Water-Channel by Propylene Glycol into Polymer for Porous Materials

Formation of Water-Channel by Propylene Glycol into Polymer for Porous Materials

A Knitting Copolymerization Strategy to Build Porous Polytriazolium Salts for Removal of Anionic Dyes and MnO₄⁻

Hierarchical Porous Polymers via a Microgel Intermediate: Green Synthesis and Applications toward the Removal of Pollutants

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Ionized aromatization approach to charged porous polymers as exceptional absorbents

Abstract: One-step ionized aromatization approach to cyclopropenium cation-based porous polymers with ultra-high selective capture of anionic dyes in water.

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

Formation of Water-Channel by Propylene Glycol into Polymer for Porous Materials

Formation of Water-Channel by Propylene Glycol into Polymer for Porous Materials

A Knitting Copolymerization Strategy to Build Porous Polytriazolium Salts for Removal of Anionic Dyes and MnO4−

Hierarchical Porous Polymers via a Microgel Intermediate: Green Synthesis and Applications toward the Removal of Pollutants

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Product

Resources

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A Knitting Copolymerization Strategy to Build Porous Polytriazolium Salts for Removal of Anionic Dyes and MnO₄⁻