2013
DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2013.07.006
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Is anxious-depression an inflammatory state?

Abstract: For several years, the literature has examined the association of depression and anxiety with inflammatory states such as atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, yet this association remains inconclusive. Several possible immune and endocrinological pathways have been postulated that associate depression and anxiety with inflammation and immune dysregulation. Anxiety and depression have usually been envisioned as two separate psychiatric conditions yet they share similar symptoms and are frequently encount… Show more

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Cited by 35 publications
(30 citation statements)
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References 72 publications
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“…Comorbidity of anxiety and depression is highly prevalent in the general population (33), among ICPs (10,34) as well as in our study population. This anxious-depressive state has been recently conceptualized as a form of chronic inflammation (64), which may cause an increase in chronic pain, with itself considered to be an inflammation-based physical condition (65,66). Importantly, the issue of the role of inflammation in pain has yet to be resolved (67)(68)(69)(70).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Comorbidity of anxiety and depression is highly prevalent in the general population (33), among ICPs (10,34) as well as in our study population. This anxious-depressive state has been recently conceptualized as a form of chronic inflammation (64), which may cause an increase in chronic pain, with itself considered to be an inflammation-based physical condition (65,66). Importantly, the issue of the role of inflammation in pain has yet to be resolved (67)(68)(69)(70).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although it is generally accepted that anxiety is commonly associated with AAD (Noriega, 2013), the implications and practical consequences of this link remain uncertain. Recent studies hypothesized a possible interaction among emotional stress, immune system, and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (Camacho, 2013;Salim et al, 2012).…”
Section: Aadmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The two disorders have been related to a dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis, and recent studies suggest that the stress response and hormone imbalances, such as cortisol hypersecretion, can cause a series of neurological dysfunctions that may be related to the pathogenesis of anxiety and depression (Camacho, 2013;Leonard & Myint, 2009). However, two diseases have different characteristics.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%