Is the secular trend in height delaying overweight rise among adolescents? The Brazilian case

Conde, Wolney Lisbôa; Rinaldi, Ana Elisa Madalena; Enes, Carla Cristina

doi:10.1017/s1368980016000203

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Nevertheless, more recent findings show that upward mobility protects against obesity in Brazilian children and therefore low-income children may be more at risk of becoming obese when they get older (19) . On a brighter side, improvements in adolescents' height in Brazil seem to protect them against overweight (20) . Considering race/ ethnicity, Brazilian black and mixed-race children and adolescents had higher undernutrition and obesity rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition in all its forms and social inequalities in Brazil

Canella

Duran

Claro

2019

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective:To describe malnutrition (undernutrition and excess weight) by income, education and race/ethnicity in the Brazilian population.Design:Cross-sectional study.Setting:Brazil.Participants:Children aged <5 years (n 14 580), adolescents aged 11–19 years (n 31 892) and adults aged 20–49 years (n 84 660).Results:Among children, prevalence of excess weight, wasting and stunting was 16·9, 2·8 and 6·0 %, respectively. Differences related to income, education and race/ethnicity were verified, except for prevalence of wasting by education level. Girls and boys presented 18·4 and 20·5 % of excess weight, 2·8 and 3·7 % of underweight and 5·5 and 7·3 % of stunting, respectively. Prevalence of excess weight was lower among poorer, lower-educated (only for boys) and white adolescents, while stunting was lower among higher-income, higher-educated and white adolescents. Over three-quarters of women and almost half of men presented excess weight. Among adults, 3·9 % of women and 1·7 % of men were underweight, and 5·7 % of women and 0·2 % of men presented short stature. Prevalence of excess weight for women was higher among lower education and black, while for men it was higher among higher income and education and white. Short stature was more prevalent among black and mixed-race, low-educated and low-income women. Underweight prevalence was higher among low-educated, black and mixed-race women.Conclusions:In Brazil, the prevalence of excess weight was at least threefold higher than that of undernutrition for children and adolescents and at least sevenfold higher for adults. Social inequalities were observed in the distribution of malnutrition across the lifespan and by gender.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition in all its forms and social inequalities in Brazil

Canella

Duran

Claro

2019

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Obesity is a growing problem in Brazil, whether among adults or adolescents 1 . In parallel to the growth of overweight or obesity in virtually all age groups 2,3 , obesity also begins to characterize itself as an inequality marker in the country 4 . The growth of obesity among the poorest countries occurs at faster pace than that observed among the richest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the nutritional status of adolescents is pressured by two relevant and opposing vectors. The first is the rate of increase in mean height among children, which contributes to the reduction of height deficit 5 and to containing the expansion of obesity in adolescence 2 . The second is the expansion of obesity among adults 1,6 , which generally anticipates the increased prevalence of the problem across the population and is associated with the overall level of exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estado nutricional de escolares adolescentes no Brasil: a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde dos Escolares 2015

Conde

Mazzeti

Silva

et al. 2018

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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RESUMO: Introdução: A obesidade é um problema crescente no Brasil em todos os grupos etários. Excesso de peso ao final da adolescência indica probabilidade elevada de peso não saudável na vida adulta. Objetivo: Descrever dados antropométricos da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde dos Escolares (PeNSE) 2015 e sua distribuição segundo estratos geográficos e socioeconômicos. Métodos: Dados da PeNSE 2015 foram utilizados. A amostra desta análise compreende adolescentes com idade entre 11 e 19 anos de escolas públicas e privadas com dados antropométricos disponíveis. O estado nutricional foi classificado segundo valores de referência para o índice de massa corporal (IMC), propostos pela International Obesity Task Force (IOTF). As estimativas das prevalências de déficit de peso e de excesso de peso e seus respectivos erros padrão foram apresentados. A associação entre os indicadores antropométricos e as características demográficas ou sociais dos adolescentes foi estimada por odds ratio e os seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% foram apresentados. Resultados: A prevalência de déficit de peso foi inferior a 3%. As maiores prevalências de excesso de peso foram observadas em adolescentes que se declararam negros ou indígenas, da região sul, da área urbana e dos quintos mais baixos de renda. Em geral, a prevalência de excesso de peso foi maior entre adolescentes que frequentavam escolas privadas. Conclusão: O excesso de peso é mais frequente entre adolescentes dos estratos de baixa renda. Além de indicador do estado nutricional, o excesso de peso pode indicar desigualdade social no Brasil.

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“…Assessment of secular changes during growth periods can help identifying the quality of health, wealth, and nutrition among populations [1] and provide suggestions for public health policymakers to identify strategies for further improvements in child health [2], [3], [4], [5]. Many studies in secular trends of obesity were conducted over the last few decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The secular trend of rising obesity is suggested due to a disharmonic secular change in height and weight that leads to higher body mass index (BMI) as found in Argentinian [5] and Polish children [10]. Nonetheless, disparity in growth of height and weight as the components of BMI is associated with obesity in a complex way and may vary between ages, periods, and ethnicities [2], [3], [4], [11]. Conde et al [3] reported that among Brazilian adolescents over four decades, the BMI and height have increased at different rates in different ways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secular Change in Body Size and Somatotype of Indonesian Children aged 7–15 Years (1999–2019)

Rahmawati

Hastuti

2021

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Secular changes assessment can help identifying the quality of health, wealth, and nutrition among populations and provide suggestions for policymakers. AIM: To examine the secular changes in weight, height, body mass index, and somatotype in Indonesian children between 1999 and 2019. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 1999 and 2019 on 2021 children aged 7–15 years in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Anthropometric measurements including height, weight, humerus and femur breadths, circumferences of upper arm and calf; skinfold thickness of triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, and calf were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as kg/m2. Somatotype components were defined by the Carter-Heath method. Statistical analyses used were three-ways ANOVA and least significant difference post hoc tests. RESULTS: Significant differences for boys and girls were found for height, weight, BMI, and three components of somatotype across the 2-time points. The boys in period 2019 were the tallest and girls were the heaviest, and for BMI, the highest value was observed in 2019 (girls). The children in the 1999 period had somatotype values 3.3 - 3.3 - 3.7 (boys) and 3.9 - 3.0 - 3.5 (girls), while in the 2019 period the somatotype values for boys were 3.5 - 4.5 - 3.0 and 4.3 - 4.1 - 2.4 for girls. CONCLUSION: In general, based on the order of age, there is a similar pattern between children in the two periods. Among Indonesian children from 1999 to 2019, there were positive trends in weight, BMI, endomorph, and mesomorph components, whereas a negative trend for the ectomorph component.

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Is the secular trend in height delaying overweight rise among adolescents? The Brazilian case

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Malnutrition in all its forms and social inequalities in Brazil

Malnutrition in all its forms and social inequalities in Brazil

Estado nutricional de escolares adolescentes no Brasil: a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde dos Escolares 2015

Secular Change in Body Size and Somatotype of Indonesian Children aged 7–15 Years (1999–2019)

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