Is There a Better Biomaterial for Dental Implants than Titanium?—A Review and Meta-Study Analysis

Abstract

This article focuses on preclinical studies and reviews the available evidence from the literature on dental implant and abutment materials in the last decade. Specifically, different peri-implantitis materials and how surface modifications may affect the peri-implant soft-tissue seal and subsequently delay or hinder peri-implantitis are examined. This review analyzed more than 30 studies that were Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), Controlled Clinical Trials (CCTs), or prospective case series (CS) with at least six months of follow-up. Meta-analyses were performed to make a comparison between different implant materials (titanium vs. zirconia), including impact on bone changes, probing depth, plaque levels, and peri-implant mucosal inflammation, as well as how the properties of the implant material and surface modifications would affect the peri-implant soft-tissue seal and peri-implant health conditions. However, there was no clear evidence regarding whether titanium is better than other implant materials. Clinical evidence suggests no difference between different implant materials in peri-implant bone stability. The metal analysis offered a statistically significant advantage of zirconia implants over titanium regarding developing a favorable response to the alveolar bone.

The Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Effects of Silver Nanoparticles Coated Titanium Implants: A Narrative Review

“…The main application methods and surface modifications that will be discussed in this article include the use of linking components to embed silver nanoparticles on the titanium surface, glass coatings on titanium implants containing silver nanoparticles, penetration and implantation of silver nanoparticles in nano/microstructured titanium surfaces. An ideal dental implant surface is biocompatible with the implanted tissue that promotes osseointegration while preventing bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation, which may cause further development of peri-implant mucositis or peri-implantitis [ 30 ] This article examines how silver nanoparticles on titanium surfaces with different surface modifications influence antibacterial activity, biocompatibility/cytotoxicity, and osseointegration.…”

Numerical Analysis of Zirconium and Titanium Implants under the Effect of Critical Masticatory Load

“…In recent years, the growing demand for dental implant therapy has become increasingly popular due to its mechanical behavior and the potential to restore missing teeth without teeth grinding on the sides of the edentulous space [ 1 ]. In general, dental implants’ advantages are that they behave like natural teeth, last a lifetime, prevent bone loss, keep adjacent teeth stable, help keep you free of gum disease, and prevent facial sagging and premature aging.…”

Kappa-carrageenan-Functionalization of octacalcium phosphate-coated titanium Discs enhances pre-osteoblast behavior and osteogenic differentiation

“…Titanium implants are widely used in dentistry, as well as for critical-sized bone defect reconstruction in orthopaedics ( Haugen and Chen, 2022 ). Dental or orthopaedic implant osseointegration is crucial for prolonged implant success ( Haugen and Chen, 2022 ).…”

“…Titanium implants are widely used in dentistry, as well as for critical-sized bone defect reconstruction in orthopaedics ( Haugen and Chen, 2022 ). Dental or orthopaedic implant osseointegration is crucial for prolonged implant success ( Haugen and Chen, 2022 ). Osseointegration, the direct structural and functional connection between ordered living bone and the surface of a load-carrying implant, involves the incorporation of nonvital components of the living bone leading to an efficient, reliable, and predictable anchorage mechanism ( Brånemark et al, 2001 ).…”

“…However, titanium implants lack the biological properties needed for osseointegration, such as osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity ( Das et al, 2019 ). Compromised osseointegration might lead to implant failure, which occurs more often in systemic and local diseases, such as diabetes, periodontitis, and osteoporosis, where the inflammatory environment alters osteoblast and osteoclast function thereby impairing the bone regeneration process (Chen et al, 2013; Haugen and Chen, 2022 ). Titanium implant surface modification approaches ensuring implant success in patients with inflammatory diseases are still in high demand ( Das et al, 2019 ).…”