Is there an environmental Kuznets curve for deforestation?

Koop, Gary; Tole, Lise

doi:10.1016/s0304-3878(98)00110-2

Cited by 267 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Likewise, the inverted U-shaped relationship with income has also been recently shown in the case of deforestation of forest and woodlands 2 (Cropper and Griffiths;Koop and Tole, 1999;Mather, et al, 1999;Bhattarai and Hammig, 2001). However, such…”

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 72%

“…The present available evidence is mixed, and it varies depending on the sets of countries and time periods selected for the study. Some of the previous studies on economics of deforestation of forest and woodlands (Cropper and Griffiths;Koop and Tole, 1999;Mather, et al, 1999;Bhattarai and Hammig, 2001) have established an EKC relationship for deforestation. However these studies are based on FAO data on forest and woodlands area, which includes tree crop plantations.…”

Section: Governance Economic Policy and The Environmental Kuznets Cmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Most cross-national studies on deforestation have focused on the impact of population growth (Allen and Barnes, 1985;Cropper and Griffiths, 1994;Koop and Tole, 1999;Mather, et al, 1999). Due to lack of cross-national statistics for other major institutional and macroeconomic policy variables, the impacts of these variables on the deforestation process has not been emphasized.…”

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies of the EKC for deforestation have used single-period cross-sectional data (Mather, 1999;Antle and Heidebrink, 1995) and other studies (Shafik, 1994;Cropper and Griffiths, 1994;Koop and Tole, 1999;Bhattarai and Hammig, 2001) have applied panel data techniques.…”

Section: Empirical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no unanimously accepted data source for measurement of tropical forest as such. Past studies of the economics of deforestation have used FAO statistics on forest and woodlands to derive the deforestation rate (Cropper and Griffiths, 1994;Koop and Tole, 1999;Bhattarai and Hammig, 2001). This study provides a comparison with previous efforts by specifying a model with a different definition of forest area provided by WRI.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Governance, economic policy, and the environmental Kuznets curve for natural tropical forests

2004

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This paper reports the results of an empirical analysis of the relationship between income and the rate of deforestation of tropical natural forests. The inverted U-shaped relationship known as the environmental Kuznets curve is confirmed here when it is examined for about 60 countries from the tropical regions of Latin America, Africa, and Asia during the period 1980 to 1995. The study focuses on the role of institutions and governing factors and macroeconomic policies in the tropical deforestation process. Results indicate that the quality of governance and underlying institutions are important determinants of forest resource preservation, and that rural population pressure is not as important as suggested by other studies. Agricultural technology improvement and enhanced educational attainment and social development factors also lead to reductions of deforestation rates.1 A selected paper presented at

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Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Governance Economic Policy and The Environmental Kuznets Cmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Empirical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Governance, economic policy, and the environmental Kuznets curve for natural tropical forests

2004

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Economic instruments for nature conservation

Barrett

Bulte

Ferraro

et al. 2013

Key Topics in Conservation Biology 2

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The labour of Nature is paid, not because she does much but because she does little. In proportion, as she becomes niggardly in her gifts, she exacts a greater price for her work. Where she is magnificently beneficent, she always works gratis." (Ricardo, 1817) conservation of nature. In addition to the conventional "efficiency" concerns that are the bread-and-butter of economists, issues like inter-generational equity also come into play.Conservation of nature might "pay" from an economic perspective: it may be rational to conserve natural capital, rather than to convert it into alternative forms of capital or to consume it today. Some forms of natural resource use leave natural habitats more or less intact -think of reduced-impact logging or sustainable fishing -while others convert natural systems into something completely different (plantation cropping, intensive farming, etc.).An overview paper that compares the profitability of various forms of land use (Balmford et al. 2001) identifies many examples where investing in nature pays: sustainable management of ecosystems yields a greater discounted flow of benefits than going for short-term gains (where discounting a flow of benefits implies carrying future benefits forward to the present, so that they are commensurate with current benefits and costs-for this purpose economists employ a discount factor). 1 To observe that nature conservation pays does not imply there are no incentives for resource managers to destroy it (or to convert it into other forms of capital). An important reason why nature may be destroyed is that many of the valuable services and benefits nature provides are "free" in the sense that they are not marketed. This is an obvious case of market failure. Even if nature is valuable, as long as it does not command a flow of money, its value tends to be ignored by private parties. Examples include the air purifying qualities of ecosystems, but also non-use values associated with biodiversity conservation.Environmental economists have developed methods to attach monetary values to ecosystem services, but that is not the same as money-in-the-bank. The point is that even if the social 1 Of course counter-examples also exist; sometimes converting natural capital to financial capital provides higher returns. This is particularly probable when natural resource stocks are plentiful, and when the perspective of private investors or resource owners is adopted (see below).

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Forestry Economics: Historical Background and Current Issues

Raunikar¹,

Buongiorno²

International Series in Operations Research Amp; Mana

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Is there an environmental Kuznets curve for deforestation?

Cited by 267 publications

References 11 publications

Governance, economic policy, and the environmental Kuznets curve for natural tropical forests

Governance, economic policy, and the environmental Kuznets curve for natural tropical forests

Economic instruments for nature conservation

Forestry Economics: Historical Background and Current Issues

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