Islet is a key determinant of ascidian palp morphogenesis

Wagner, Eileen; Stolfi, Alberto; Choi, Yoon Gi; Levine, Michael

doi:10.1242/dev.110684

Cited by 34 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Fascin reporter plasmid was constructed using a fragment upstream of the Fascin coding sequence, a gift kindly provided by Lionel Christiaen (see Supplemental sequences). Previous published drivers used in this study include: Twistrelated.c (Abitua et al, 2012), Tyrosine hydroxylase (Moret et al, 2005), Crystallin beta/gamma (Shimeld et al, 2005), Islet (Wagner et al, 2014), GAD (Takamura et al, 2010), Slc32a1/VGAT (Yoshida et al, 2004), and Slc18a/VAChT (Yoshida et al, 2004).…”

Section: In Situ Hybridization and Reporter Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Profiling defined cell populations experimentally isolated from dissociated Ciona embryos has been extensively (Christiaen et al, 2008;José-Edwards et al, 2011;Racioppi et al, 2014;Razy-Krajka et al, 2014;Reeves et al, 2017;Wagner et al, 2014;Woznica et al, 2012) and has been instrumental in gaining a whole-genome understanding of gene regulation during development, including in the nervous system (Hamada et al, 2011). However, this approach only detects average gene expression across the entire cell population, as a single cDNA library is prepared from RNA extracted from pooled cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…F) Mid-tailbud embryo electroporated with Islet[palp+notochord]>Unc-76::eGFP, labeling developing palp neurons (arrowheads), notochord, and bipolar tail neurons. This particular Islet driver, corresponding to the first intron and the proximal promoter region, was identified inWagner et al (2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Single-cell transcriptome profiling of theCionalarval brain

Sharma

Wang

Stolfi

2018

Preprint

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The tadpole-type larva of Ciona has emerged as an intriguing model system for the study of neurodevelopment. The Ciona intestinalis connectome has been recently mapped, revealing the smallest central nervous system (CNS) known in any chordate, with only 177 neurons. This minimal CNS is highly reminiscent of larger CNS of vertebrates, sharing many conserved developmental processes, anatomical compartments, neuron subtypes, and even specific neural circuits. Thus, the Ciona tadpole offers a unique opportunity to understand the development and wiring of a chordate CNS at single-cell resolution. Here we report the use of single-cell RNAseq to profile the transcriptomes of single cells isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) from the whole brain of Ciona robusta (formerly intestinalis Type A) larvae. We have also compared these profiles to bulk RNAseq data from specific subsets of brain cells isolated by FACS using cell type-specific reporter plasmid expression. Taken together, these datasets have begun to reveal the compartment-and cell-specific gene expression patterns that define the organization of the Ciona larval brain.

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Section: In Situ Hybridization and Reporter Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single-cell transcriptome profiling of theCionalarval brain

Sharma

Wang

Stolfi

2018

Preprint

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“…7E’, F’). This indicates that in spite of the disorganized trunk structures, such as lack of clear brain organization, the localized inducing signals required for palp initiation are still present (Wada et al, 1999; Wagner et al, 2014). However, the palps are complex structures involving epidermal and neural cells (Torrence and Cloney, 1983; Zeng et al, in press), so additional work would be required to determine whether complete palp structures develop.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature limits on developmental canalization in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis

Irvine

McNulty

Siler

et al. 2018

Preprint

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20The normal embryogenesis of marine animals is typically confined to a species-specific range of 21 temperatures. Within that temperature range development results in a consistent, or canalized, phenotype, 22whereas above and below the range abnormal phenotypes are produced. This study reveals an abrupt high 23 temperature limit, occurring over a 1-2°C range, for normal embryonic development in C. intestinalis. 24Above that threshold morphological abnormalities in the notochord and other organs are observed, 25 beginning with cleavage and gastrula stages, and becoming more pronounced as embryogenesis proceeds. 26However, even in highly morphologically abnormal temperature disrupted (TD) embryos, cell type 27 specification, including muscle, endoderm, notochord, and sensory pigment cells is accomplished. An 28 explanation for this finding is that in C. intestinalis cell type specification occurs relatively early in 29 embryogenesis, due to cleavage stage segregation of maternal cytoplasmic determinants and short-range 30 cell interactions, which are largely intact in TD embryos. On the other hand, morphogenesis of the 31 notochord and other structures is dependent on precise cell movement and shape changes after the 32 gastrula stage, which appear to be disrupted above the high temperature threshold. These findings have 33 implications for the relationship between ecology and reproduction in C. intestinalis. More broadly they 34 point to mechanisms behind canalization in animals, such as ascidians, characterized by early, largely 35 autonomous, cell type specification. 36 37 38 39 42 temperature is a major determinant. This study seeks to establish which aspects of embryogenesis are the 43 most susceptible to high temperature in the model marine invertebrate Ciona. 44C. intestinalis, like many if not all animals, has a "normal" embryonic phenotype that is produced 45 over a range of environmental conditions. The ability for a developmental program to produce a 46 stereotyped outcome in spite of environmental variation has been termed "canalization" (Siegal and 47 Bergman, 2002; Waddington, 1942). 48While there has been much work done on the effects of water temperature on the overall life 49 history of marine invertebrates, a literature search reveals little work examining in detail water 50 temperature effects on embryogenesis itself. However, it is likely that the ability to develop to a 51 functional larval stage is an imporftant factor limiting the ranges of many marine invertebrates (Byrne et 52 al., 2009). It is also likely that embryologists historically have been more interested in how normal

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“…Later adhesive organ development appears to require FGF/ERK signaling and an intricate interplay between the transcription factors Sp8, Emx, and Islet to specify the different cell types composing the palps and to regulate their morphogenesis (Wagner et al 2014 ). Later adhesive organ development appears to require FGF/ERK signaling and an intricate interplay between the transcription factors Sp8, Emx, and Islet to specify the different cell types composing the palps and to regulate their morphogenesis (Wagner et al 2014 ).…”

Section: Adhesive Organmentioning

confidence: 99%