“…Based on the IGA and scaled boundary element method Zang et al [14] developed a numerical scheme to solve the static bending and free vibration problems of functionally graded material plates. Actually, IGA has attracted a large research community and been successfully applied in elasticity problems [15][16][17], electromagnetics [18][19][20], fluids problems [21,22], accoustic problems [23,24], wave problems [25], contact problems [26], vibration analysis [27][28][29], cracks [30][31][32][33][34], optimization problems [35][36][37], material uncertainty [38], thermal buckling [39], poroelastic material [40], etc. Since the initial IGA was based on NURBS [6] which contains a tensor product form, the uniform NURBS-based refinement scheme is difficult to capture local features of interest.…”