Isolation and enzymatic formation of lignans ofDaphne genkwa andDaphne odora

Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity of taxoids and lignans from the heartwood of Taxus baccata L.

“…Among the lignan derivatives, although lariciresinol (5) and taxiresinol (6) were also previously reported from various other Taxus species (Mujumdar et al, 1972;Chattopadhyay et al, 1997;Kawamura et al, 2000) along with other plant species (Raju and Pillai, 1989;Ullah et al, 1999;Okunishi et al, 2001), 7 and 9 were identified as new lignans of isolariciresinol derivatives. Moreover, 7 is the first example of a lignan attached a hydroxyisopropyl group at C-9 (Erdemoglu et al, Table 1 Effect of taxoids (1-4) and lignans (5-9) isolated from Taxus baccata against p-benzoquinone-induced writhings in mice Values are expressed in mean ± S.E.M., * P < 0.05; * * P < 0.01; * * * P < 0.001 when compared with control group.…”

Enhancing lignan biosynthesis by over‐expressing pinoresinol lariciresinol reductase in transgenic wheat

“…Since PLR catalyzes the last steps of the lignan biosynthesis, it is postulated that over-expression of PLR gene by genetic engineering may enhance lignan contents. Although PLR gene had already been isolated from various woody plants such as Forsthysia intermedia [3,[23][24], the only known isolated PLR enzyme in monocots has been found from flaxseeds [25]. In wheat, however, the PLR gene and corresponding protein(s) have not been reported yet.…”

Stereochemical Diversity in Lignan Biosynthesis ofArctium lappaL.

“…from (±)-2. 17) These results indicate that diŠerent PLRs that catalyze the selective reduction of diŠerent enantiomers of 3 and 4 are distributed in diŠerent plant species. Furthermore, the presence of cDNAs corresponding to the two stereochemically distinct PLRs in a single plant species has been demonstrated by Fujita et al, 33) although they did not mention the physiological roles of the two reductases.…”

“…17) Since the assay with only H2O2 as a cofactor exhibited signiˆcant 2-d 10 formation from 1-d 5 27) (Table 3), PLR-catalyzed reduction of once-formed 2-d10 probably resulted in 3-d10 and 4-d10 from the incubation of 1-d5 with the A. lappa enzymes. This was conˆrmed by individually incubating (±)-2-d4 and (±)-3-d4 with the seed enzyme preparation (Table 4, Fig.…”

“…[2][3][4][5][14][15][16][17] In addition, phytochemical studies of such lignans as 2, 3 and 4, which are the furthest upstream on the biosynthetic pathway, have revealed that not only the sign of the optical rotation, i.e. predominant enantiomers of the lignans, but also the enantiomeric composition, z enantiomeric excess (e.e.)…”