Isolation and Identification of the Causal Agents of Root and Crown Rot of Pistachio Trees in the Sistan and Baluchistan Provinces

Fani, Seyed Reza; Zamanizadeh, Hamid Reza; Mirabolfathy, M.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2006.726.111

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Iran, the United States (USA), Turkey, Syria, Italy, Tunisia, and Greece are the world’s main producers of pistachio [8,9,10]. Pistachio is the most important commercial agricultural product cultivated in Iran’s tropic [11]. The export of pistachio provides the highest financial income among Iran’s non-petroleum export products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acids-Based Quality Index to Differentiate Worldwide Commercial Pistachio Cultivars

et al. 2018

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The fatty acid profiles of five main commercial pistachio cultivars, including Ahmad-Aghaei, Akbari, Chrok, Kalle-Ghouchi, and Ohadi, were determined by gas chromatography: palmitic (C16:0), palmitoleic (C16:1), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), linolenic (C18:3), arachidic (C20:0), and gondoic (C20:1) acid. Based on the oleic to linoleic acid (O/L) ratio, a quality index was determined for these five cultivars: Ohadi (2.40) < Ahmad-Aghaei (2.60) < Kale-Ghouchi (2.94) < Chrok (3.05) < Akbari (3.66). Principal component analysis (PCA) of the fatty acid data yielded three significant PCs, which together account for 80.0% of the total variance in the dataset. A linear discriminant analysis (LDA) model that was evaluated with cross-validation correctly classified almost all of the samples: the average percent accuracy for the prediction set was 98.0%. The high predictive power for the prediction set shows the ability to indicate the cultivar of an unknown sample based on its fatty acid chromatographic fingerprint.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acids-Based Quality Index to Differentiate Worldwide Commercial Pistachio Cultivars

et al. 2018

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“…Among them, crown and root rot disease (also known as gummosis), soil salinity, drought and high temperature fluctuations are the most important factors, causing remarkable crop damage each year. Several species within the genus Phytophthora have been reported to cause gummosis in Iran (Banihashemi 1994;Mirabolfathy et al 2001;Fani et al 2006;Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa et al 2008). Phytophthora pistaciae and P. drechsleri are the species most frequently found in pistachio orchards (Mirabolfathy et al 2001;Fani et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several species within the genus Phytophthora have been reported to cause gummosis in Iran (Banihashemi 1994;Mirabolfathy et al 2001;Fani et al 2006;Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa et al 2008). Phytophthora pistaciae and P. drechsleri are the species most frequently found in pistachio orchards (Mirabolfathy et al 2001;Fani et al 2006). Gummosis can reduce the number of trees by up to 80% over a 5 to 10 year period (Moradi et al 2017) and, consequently, has an enormous impact on pistachio production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis native strains for biocontrol of Phytophthora crown and root rot of pistachio in Iran

Moradi

Nejad

Bonjar

et al. 2018

Trop. plant pathol.

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In Iran, Phytophthora crown and root rot of pistachio trees (also known as gummosis) destroys a significant number of fertile and nonfertile trees each year. To identify potential biocontrol agents effective in controlling pistachio gummosis, 200 soil samples were collected from 19 pistachio growing regions in Kerman province. Out of the 321 strains tested for antagonistic activity against Phytophthora pistaciae, 13 were selected as potential inhibitors of the disease. The tested strains were able to inhibit Phytophthora growth in dual culture, volatile and non-volatile assays by 14-72%, 12-68% and 27-85%, respectively. The highest inhibition was achieved by three strains identified as Bacillus subtilis using phenotypic characteristics, biochemical and physiological tests as well as sequencing the 16S rRNA genomic region for each strain. Co-inoculation experiments of six months old pistachio seedlings with P. pistaciae and the three selected B. subtilis strains reduced mortality rates by up to 80%. B. subtilis strain BSIPR35 was identified as the most promising biocontrol agent in greenhouse experiments. The ability of the selected strains to withstand drought, high temperature and salinity stresses was further tested. The growth of the strains was reduced under abiotic stresses ranging from 22 to 94%. All strains had the same growth under drought stress, while in salinity and under high temperature strain BSIPR35 acted superiorly compared to the other two strains. The bacterial strains may be effective in inhibiting gummosis in vivo, which requires further investigations.

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Phytophthora pistaciae

2021

CABI Compendium

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Isolation and Identification of the Causal Agents of Root and Crown Rot of Pistachio Trees in the Sistan and Baluchistan Provinces

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Fatty Acids-Based Quality Index to Differentiate Worldwide Commercial Pistachio Cultivars

Fatty Acids-Based Quality Index to Differentiate Worldwide Commercial Pistachio Cultivars

Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis native strains for biocontrol of Phytophthora crown and root rot of pistachio in Iran

Phytophthora pistaciae

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