Isolation and Molecular Detection of Newcastle Disease Virus from Field Outbreaks in Chickens in Central Ethiopia

Abstract

Background Newcastle disease is a major viral disease of poultry. The virus is a major problem for chickens in Ethiopia and there is a scarcity of updated information on the virological and molecular status of confirmation of Newcastle disease outbreak cases in the country. Methods Newcastle disease outbreaks were investigated from February 2021 to October 2021 in central Ethiopia to isolate and detect the virus by cell culture and reverse transcriptase PCR. A total of 44 pooled tissue specimens were sampled from sick and recently dead chickens showing typical clinical signs of Newcastle disease. Virus isolation were performed using DF-1 cells and detection of the virus was done by real-time PCR. Results Out of 44 collected tissue samples, 38.63% (17/44) were positive on DF-1 cells. The result shows 17 of the clinically sick and dead chickens were positive for the virus by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Based on the sample type, 54.54% (6/11) of the brain samples, 36.36% (4/11) of the intestines, 54.54% (6/11) of lung and trachea, 9% (1/11) of pooled liver, kidney, heart, and spleen samples were positive. Viruses were isolated in the proportions 37.5% (6/16), 25% (2/8), 50% (2/4), 25% (1/4), 50% (2/4) and 50% (4/8) from Sebeta, Bishoftu, Sululta, Nifas Silk, Kolfe and Yeka, respectively. Conclusion This study showed that Newcastle disease is a major viral disease causing death of chickens in the study area. Therefore, any control approach should focus on the appropriate characterization of the virus strain causing the outbreak in the study area.

Sero-prevalence of Newcastle disease and associated risk factors in chickens at backyard chicken production Kindo Koisha, Wolaita zone, Southern Ethiopia

“…This is related to the low level of biosecurity measures and the inadequate supply of vaccinations. For instance, Newcastle disease was alleged to be the causative agent of roughly 90% of backyard poultry mortality in Ethiopia, from 1993 to 2021 ( 16 – 18 ). Even though backyard poultry are important in Ethiopia, relatively little is known about NDV prevalence in general and the current study area in particular.…”

Genomic characteristics, pathogenicity and viral shedding of a novel DVEV variant derived from goose

“…Compared to the traditional DVE, this new infectious illness has more significant rates of morbidity and mortality, with an expanding epidemic range. In the current work, DVEV and many other waterfowl viruses were isolated and propagated using SPF duck embryos ( Johnson and Heneine, 2001 ; Worku et al, 2022 ). Clinical samples collected from this epidemic DVEV outbreak at a goose farm in Shandong province were used to successfully isolate the virus.…”

Analysis of a Fragment of the Fusion Gene for Newcastle Disease by DNA Sequencing

“…Viruses that have multiplied in embryos may be detected in both laboratory and clinical specimens using PCR. It is currently the most reliable method for detecting nucleic acids and has the potential to be very sensitive (Worku et al, 2022). However, the viruses of interest in this research contain RNA as their nucleic acid, thus PCR cannot be used.…”