Isolation and Morphology of Temperate
            <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i>
            Bacteriophage

Zimmerer, Robert P.; Hamilton, Robert H.; Pootjes, Christine F.

doi:10.1128/jb.92.3.746-750.1966

Cited by 38 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Chlorpromazine had no effect on the number of tumors induced when added at several concentrations to the bean leaves either before or after inoculation with untreated bacteria (Table 1). 20 Furthermore, no differences were observed in the growth and morphology of drug-treated leaves 2 3 and control leaves in periodic examinations with HOUM OF INCUBATION PRIOR TO INOCULATION a 30 X power dissecting microscope. This was FIG.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…than that of the controls. Cultures exposed to chlorpromazine concentrations of greater than 20 jig/ml often produced more tumors than control cultures, even though some loss in viability occurred in the treated cultures by the time of inoculation. Enhancement of TIA is even more pronounced when equated on a per viable cell basis (see RSI curve, Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The results of several recent studies suggest that at least one of the tumor-inducing principles elaborated by the bacterium may be a virus or nucleic acid (1,10,13,16,17,20). Support for this hypothesis comes from the fact that a preinoculation exposure of the bacterium to ultraviolet (UV) light or mitomycin C enhances its infectivity (7)(8)(9).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Infectivity by Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride

Heberlein

1970

Infect Immun

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The tumor-initiating ability of Agrobacterium tumefaciens was enhanced two- to threefold after a preinoculation exposure to the phenothiazine derivative chlorpromazine hydrochloride. The mean number of tumors initiated per viable bacterium on pinto bean leaves was greatest after a 1-hr exposure to 15 μg of the drug per ml. Chlorpromazine had no significant effect on tumor initiation when applied to previously inoculated leaves. Chlorpromazine at 10 μg/ml was bacteriostatic; concentrations of 20 μg/ml and higher were bactericidal. In contrast to mitomycin C, which also enhances A. tumefaciens infectivity, chlorpromazine failed to induce temperate phage in several lysogenic strains of A. tumefaciens . Replication of a virulent A. tumefaciens phage, however, was not inhibited by the presence of chlorpromazine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Enhancement of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Infectivity by Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride

Heberlein

1970

Infect Immun

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“…E. coli DH10L containing the plasmid pJK33 (opd in pUC19) [11] was grown on the modi¢ed LB medium with ampicillin (100 Wg ml 31 ). Agrobacterium radiobacter P230 [12] and Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 [13] were also grown on modi¢ed LB medium.…”

Section: Enrichment and Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of a Pseudomonas monteilli strain with a novel phosphotriesterase

Horne

2002

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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A Pseudomonas monteilli strain (designated C11) that uses the phosphotriester coroxon as its sole phosphorus source has been isolated. Native PAGE and activity staining identified a single isozyme with significant phosphotriesterase activity in the soluble fraction of the cell. This phosphotriesterase could hydrolyse both coumaphos and coroxon. The hydrolysis product of coroxon, diethylphosphate, and the thion analogue, coumaphos, could not serve as phosphorus sources when added to the growth medium. The majority of the phosphotriesterase and phosphatase activity was contained in the soluble fraction of the cell. Phosphatase activity was inhibited by vanadate as well as by dialysis against the metal chelator, EDTA. Phosphotriesterase activity was not affected by either vanadate or dialysis with EDTA or 1,10phenanthroline. Phosphotriesterase activity was regulated by the amounts of both phosphate and coroxon in the medium, whereas total phosphatase activity was regulated by phosphate but not coroxon. A lack of hybridisation using a probe against the opd (organophosphate degradation) gene encoding a phosphotriesterase from Flavobacterium sp. ATCC27551 against bulk DNA from P. monteilli C11 suggested that this strain does not contain opd. The work presented here indicates the presence of a novel phosphotriesterase in P. monteilli C11. ß

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“…The first lysogenic system described in Agrobacterium tumefaciens involved temperate phage omega, which was isolated from strain B6 (1). Later, several other reports (3,16,25) described the occurrence of temperate phages in a wide variety of A. tumefaciens strains. All of these phages had similar morphological, biological, and biophysical properties and the same immunity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ψ, a Temperate Phage of Agrobacterium tumefaciens , Is Mutagenic

Expert

Tourneur

1982

J Virol

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A new temperate bacteriophage (phage '1) of Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain B91 is described. Many octopine-utilizing strains of A. tumefaciens harbor prophage 4 or a phage that is similar if not identical to it. This phage has a very narrow host range, and we found that its growth is strongly reduced in strains which carry an octopine pTi plasmid. When sensitive bacteria are infected with 4, 1 to 3% of the survivors carry mutations on the chromosome, as well as on the pTi plasmid. This phenomenon appears to be a direct consequence of lysogenization. The possible mechanisms whereby such 14-induced mutations occur are discussed. The first lysogenic system described in Agrobacterium tumefaciens involved temperate phage omega, which was isolated from strain B6 (1). Later, several other reports (3, 16, 25) described the occurrence of temperate phages in a wide variety of A. tumefaciens strains. All of these phages had similar morphological, biological, and biophysical properties and the same immunity.In 1975, using electron microscopy, Vervliet et al. (22) demonstrated the occurrence of "phage-like particles" or "defective phages" in mitomycin C-treated cultures of strains B6-806, B6S3, B2As, and CV1. All of these particles were morphologically identical. The particles released by strain B6-806 were shown to contain a DNA molecule which had a molecular weight of 25.2 x 106. Hybridization by the heteroduplex method revealed no homology between this DNA and that of phage Ql.We report here that the phage released by the strains mentioned above is not defective and is harbored by several other octopine-utilizing strains of A. tumefaciens. This phage is not related to Ql, and we have called it phage 4. We describe the general characteristics of this temperate phage and demonstrate that it has two unusual properties. First, it frequently induces mutations in its host during lysogenization; and second, its growth is inhibited in strains which carry an octopine pTi plasmid. MATERIALS AND METHODSStrains and media. The bacterial strains used in this work are described in Tables 1, 2, and 5. Phages Ql and * were obtained from lysates produced by UV induction of strains B6 and B91 (Table 2), respectively. The following media were used. Nutrient broth (NB) contained 8 g of Merieux nutrient broth per liter, 5 g of NaCl per liter, and 5 g of glucose per liter. Minimal medium (MM) contained 2 g of (NH4)2SO4 per liter, 6 g of KH2PO4 per liter, 14 g of K2HPO4 per liter, 1 g of trisodium citrate per liter, 0.2 g of MgSO4-7H2O per liter, and 5 g of glucose per liter. When necessary, Lamino acids (100 ,ug/ml), bases (100 ,ug/ml), or vitamins (50 ,ug/ml) were added. The synthetic media used for assays of catabolic pTi functions (19) contained 13.6 g of KH2PO4 per liter, 0.2 g of MgSO4-7H2O per liter, 0.005 g of FeSO4 per liter, 0.01 g of CaCl2 per liter, 0.002 g of MnCl2 per liter, and 2 g of glucose per liter; the nitrogen source was (NH4)2SO4 (2 g/liter) for SM medium, arginine (0.1 g/liter) for ASM medium, or octopine (0.3 g/liter; ...

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Isolation and Morphology of Temperate Agrobacterium tumefaciens Bacteriophage

Cited by 38 publications

References 5 publications

Enhancement of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Infectivity by Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride

Enhancement of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Infectivity by Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride

Isolation of a Pseudomonas monteilli strain with a novel phosphotriesterase

Ψ, a Temperate Phage of Agrobacterium tumefaciens , Is Mutagenic

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