Isolation and Structure Elucidation of New Nitrile and Mustard Oil Glycosides from Moringa oleifera and Their Effect on Blood Pressure

Abstract

Bioassay-guided analysis of an EtOH extract of Moringa oleifera leaves showing hypotensive activity led to the isolation of two nitrile glycosides, niazirin [1] and niazirinin [2], and three mustard oil glycosides, 4-[(4'-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnosyloxy)benzyl]isothiocyanate [4], niaziminin A, and niaziminin B. Glycoside 2 is a new compound. Niaziminins A and B have previously been obtained from the left extract as a mixture, while compound 4 is new from this source. Structural determination was accomplished by means of spectroscopic methods including appropriate 2D nmr experiments and chemical reactions. This is the first report of the isolation of nitriles, an isothiocyanate, and thiocarbamates from the same plant species. Isothiocyanate 4 and the thiocarbamate glycosides niaziminin A and B showed hypotensive activity while nitrile glycosides 1 and 2 were found to be inactive in this regard.

Therapeutic potential ofMoringa oleiferaextracts against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

“…In fact, another finding (Mazumder et al, 1999) has shown the LD 50 of MO crude extract is about 2.8 g/kg intraperitoneally. This plant has been used traditionally for medicinal purposes (Faizi et al, 1994) and sometimes prescribed for anemia (Siddhuraju & Becker, 2003). Therefore, the plant is safe for human consumption without any undesirable effects.…”

Moringa oleifera: a food plant with multiple medicinal uses

“…The stem bark has been reported to contain two alkaloids, namely moringine and moringinine (Kerharo, 1969). Vanillin,, β-sitostenone, 4-hydroxymellin and octacosanoic acid have been isolated from the stem of M. oleifera (Faizi et al, 1994a).…”

“…They have also been reported to contain some flavonoid pigments such as alkaloids, kaempherol, rhamnetin, isoquercitrin and kaempferitrin (Faizi et al, 1994a;Siddhuraju and Becker, 2003).…”

“…Moringa leaf juice is known to have a stabilizing effect on blood pressure (The Wealth of India, 1962;Dahot, 1988). Nitrile, mustard oil glycosides and thiocarbamate glycosides have been isolated from Moringa leaves, which were found to be responsible for the blood pressure lowering effect (Faizi et al, 1994a;. Most of these compounds, bearing thiocarbamate, carbamate or nitrile groups, are fully acetylated glycosides, which are very rare in nature (Faizi et al, 1995).…”

A potential oral anticancer drug candidate, Moringa oleifera leaf extract, induces the apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

“…The flowers, roots, leaves and bark of M. oleifera have long been used by the public as nutritional supplements and foods, as well as in the manufacture of perfume, skin oil and other products (12,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Certain parts of M. oleifera (leaf, stem and root) have been demonstrated to produce various biological activities, including antiatherosclerotic (20), immune-boosting (21), anticardiovascular disease (22), antiviral (1,(23)(24)(25), antioxidant (2,(26)(27)(28), antimicrobial (27), anti-inflammatory (29) and tumor-suppressive effects (30). Due to its long history of usage and various biological effects, M. oleifera has long been the subject of research interest.…”