Isolation, characterization, and synthesis of a corticotropin-inhibiting peptide from human pituitary glands.

Li, Choh Hao; Chung, David; Yamashiro, Donald; Lee, C. Y.

doi:10.1073/pnas.75.9.4306

Cited by 59 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The concept that cyclic AMP is the mediator of the steroidogenic action of ACTH on the adrenal gland has been supported by previous studies (40,41 (12). This peptide is devoid of corticosteroidogenic activity and causes a 50% inhibition of ACTH-induced corticosterone production by rat adrenal cells in vitro at a molar ratio of --10,000:1 (12 proposed that a specific conformation of ACTH is necessary for receptor binding (45).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

Effects of β-Lipotropin and β-Lipotropin-derived Peptides on Aldosterone Production in the Rat Adrenal Gland

Matsuoka¹,

Mulrow²,

Franco‐Saenz³

et al. 1981

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T To investigate the role of non-ACTH pituitary peptides on steroidogenesis, we studied the effects of synthetic 3-lipotropin, (8-melanotropin, and p-endorphin on aldosterone and corticosterone stimulation using rat adrenal collagenase-dispersed capsular and decapsular cells. f8-lipotropin induced a significant aldosterone stimulation in a dose-dependent fashion (10 nM-1 ,uM). 8-endorphin, which is the carboxyterminal fragment of 8-lipotropin, did not stimulate aldosterone production at the doses used (3 nM-6 ,uM).

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

Effects of β-Lipotropin and β-Lipotropin-derived Peptides on Aldosterone Production in the Rat Adrenal Gland

Matsuoka¹,

Mulrow²,

Franco‐Saenz³

et al. 1981

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…As expected, cortisol levels were also elevated after 1 h and returned to normal levels after 18 h of incubation with ACTH (data not shown). ACTH stimulated the StAR gene expression in the seabream head kidney preparations by binding to its specific membrane receptors, as demonstrated when 1 mM CIP, an antagonist of the ACTH receptor (Li et al 1978), effectively blocked the ACTHstimulated StAR expression in our in vitro model, without affecting the basal levels of StAR expression. The rapid increase in cortisol levels, which we observed after ACTH treatment, is in agreement with several previous studies conducted under various experimental conditions (Donaldson 1981, Nichols & Weisbart 1984, Girard et al 1998, Pottinger & Carrick 2001, Hagen et al 2006.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Stress-induced regulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression in head kidney of Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Castillo¹,

Castellana²,

Acerete³

et al. 2007

Journal of Endocrinology

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Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) transfers cholesterol over the inner mitochondrial membrane. In mammals, StAR controls this rate-limiting step of steroidogenesis, but its expression and regulation has not been well explored in fish. The present work investigates StAR mRNA expression in the head kidney of the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) under different stressors. We have cloned the StAR cDNA (1461 bp) in seabream (accession number EF640987), which has an open reading frame of 861 nucleotides encoding a polypeptide of 286 aa, and displays high sequence identity with StAR of other fish and mammalian counterparts. Seabream StAR transcripts were found to be expressed exclusively in head kidneys and gonads. In fish under acute stress (chased with a net), plasma cortisol levels peaked within 1 h, were still high after 6 h, and decreased after 16 h, although no increases in head kidney StAR expression were observed at any time post-stressor. Fish under chronic high-density stress showed cortisol levels 90-fold higher than controls and StAR mRNA levels increased threefold. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection increased head kidney StAR mRNA levels after 6 h, reached a maximum at 12 h, and decreased until 72 h. When the head kidney cells were incubated in vitro and treated with ACTH or LPS, ACTH induced an increase in StAR expression as expected, but LPS induced a reduction in StAR expression. In conclusion, StAR expression in seabream head kidneys is highly regulated by different stressors.

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“…In addition, some ACTH fragments not only lack activity, but act as competitive antagonists of full-length ACTH, as is the case for ACTH(7-38) (Kapas et al 1996). The latter is now known as corticotropin-inhibiting peptide (CIP) (Li et al 1978). However, ACTH(11-24) has been described as a competitive antagonist of ACTH(1-39) (Seelig et al 1971, Kapas et al 1996, whereas in another study, it has been reported to stimulate corticosterone production of ZF cells and aldosterone production of ZG cells, in addition to potentiating the effects of ACTH(1-39) (Szalay et al 1989).…”

Section: Overview Of the Acth-mc2r Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

60 YEARS OF POMC: Adrenal and extra-adrenal functions of ACTH

Gallo‐Payet

2016

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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The pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) plays a pivotal role in homeostasis and stress response and is thus the major component of the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis. After a brief summary of ACTH production from proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and on ACTH receptor properties, the first part of the review covers the role of ACTH in steroidogenesis and steroid secretion. We highlight the mechanisms explaining the differential acute vs chronic effects of ACTH on aldosterone and glucocorticoid secretion. The second part summarizes the effects of ACTH on adrenal growth, addressing its role as either a mitogenic or a differentiating factor. We then review the mechanisms involved in steroid secretion, from the classical Cyclic adenosine monophosphate second messenger system to various signaling cascades. We also consider how the interaction between the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton may trigger activation of signaling platforms potentially stimulating or repressing the steroidogenic potency of ACTH. Finally, we consider the extra-adrenal actions of ACTH, in particular its role in differentiation in a variety of cell types, in addition to its known lipolytic effects on adipocytes. In each section, we endeavor to correlate basic mechanisms of ACTH function with the pathological consequences of ACTH signaling deficiency and of overproduction of ACTH.

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Isolation, characterization, and synthesis of a corticotropin-inhibiting peptide from human pituitary glands.

Cited by 59 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of β-Lipotropin and β-Lipotropin-derived Peptides on Aldosterone Production in the Rat Adrenal Gland

Effects of β-Lipotropin and β-Lipotropin-derived Peptides on Aldosterone Production in the Rat Adrenal Gland

Stress-induced regulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression in head kidney of Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

60 YEARS OF POMC: Adrenal and extra-adrenal functions of ACTH

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