Isolation of a new serotype of simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome type D retrovirus from Celebes black macaques (Macaca nigra) with immune deficiency and retroperitoneal fibromatosis

Marx, Preston A.; Bryant, Martin L.; Osborn, Kent G.; Maul, Donald H.; Lerche, Nicholas W.; Lowenstine, Linda J.; Kluge, J D; Zaiss, C P; Henrickson, Roy V.; Shiigi, Stanley M.

doi:10.1128/jvi.56.2.571-578.1985

Cited by 102 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Serum specimens were tested for neutralizing activity, according to the procedures described by Marx et al (10), with modifications. The neutralization titer was determined in Vero E6 cells.…”

Section: Neutralization Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serologic and Molecular Biologic Methods for SARS-associated Coronavirus Infection, Taiwan

Chiu

Tseng

et al. 2004

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

101

132

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has raised a global alert since March 2003. After its causative agent, SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV), was confirmed, laboratory methods, including virus isolation, reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and serologic methods, have been quickly developed. In this study, we evaluated four serologic tests ( neutralization test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA], immunofluorescent assay [IFA], and immunochromatographic test [ICT]) for detecting antibodies to SARS-CoV in sera of 537 probable SARS case-patients with correlation to the RT-PCR . With the neutralization test as a reference method, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 98.2%, 98.7%, 98.7%, and 98.4% for ELISA; 99.1%, 87.8%, 88.1% and 99.1% for IFA; 33.6%, 98.2%, 95.7%, and 56.1% for ICT, respectively. We also compared the recombinant-based western blot with the whole virus–based IFA and ELISA; the data showed a high correlation between these methods, with an overall agreement of >90%. Our results provide a systematic analysis of serologic and molecular methods for evaluating SARS-CoV infection.

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Section: Neutralization Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serologic and Molecular Biologic Methods for SARS-associated Coronavirus Infection, Taiwan

Chiu

Tseng

et al. 2004

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

101

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Three types of type-D retrovirus have been isolated from macaques. These were associated epidemiologically or experimentally with simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome (SAIDS) (Fine et al, 1975;Marx et al, 1984Marx et al, , 1985Bryant et al, 1986). Simian type-D retroviruses include Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) and SAIDS retrovirus, types 1 and 2 (SRV-1 and SRV-2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiologic survey of captive old‐world primates for antibodies to human and simian retroviruses, and isolation of a lentivirus from sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys)

Lowenstine

Pedersen

Higgins

et al. 1986

Intl Journal of Cancer

221

126

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Sera from 526 Old-World monkeys and apes, representing 50 species and 20 genera and living in US zoos and vivaria, were screened for antibodies to HTLV-I, HTLV-III/LAV, and simian-AIDS retrovirus, type I (SRV-I). Sera were screened initially by ELISA, and ELISA-positive sera, as well as ELISA-negative sera from cage contacts, were further tested by Western blotting. A large number of false-positive and a small number of false-negative ELISA sera were identified. Although most true positive reactions were directed to a single retrovirus, a number of individuals from 4 species were positive for more than one retrovirus. Specific seroreactivity to HTLV-I was found in 39/526 (7%) animals of 15 species. True positive reactions to SRV-I were found in 21/516 (4%) animals, including talapoins and 2 species of macaques. Specific serologic reactions to HTLV-III/LAV were detected in 23/526 (4%) monkeys. Many of the HTLV-III/LAV seropositive animals were from one mixed-species zoo exhibit, containing sooty mangabeys, mandrills, Kolb's guenons, and talapoins. A type D virus was isolated from the blood of 3/10 SRV-I antibody-positive Tonkeana macaques, but from none of 11 seropositive talapoins. A lentivirus was isolated from the blood of 4/7 HTLV-III/LAV seropositive sooty mangabeys, but not from seropositive talapoins in the same exhibit or from 2 seropositive colobus from another zoo. The sooty mangabey lentivirus produced generalized lymphadenopathy, leukopenia, and decreased levels of T4 lymphocytes in 2 experimentally infected rhesus macaques.

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“…In human cells, human ASCT2 is a functional receptor for pathogenic retroviruses, such as simian retrovirus (SRV) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, avian reticuloendotheriosis virus, and duck spleen necrosis virus [35]. It is known that SRV-1, SRV-2 and SRV-3 induce a fatal immunodeficiency in some macaque species (Celebes and rhesus macaques) [21][22][23]. In a previous study, we confirmed that both SRV-2 and SRV-3 can utilize canine ASCT2 as a receptor ( [51], unpublished data).…”

Section: Contamination Of Live Attenuated Vaccines 401mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination of live attenuated vaccines with an infectious feline endogenous retrovirus (RD-114 virus)

et al. 2013

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Retroviruses are classified as exogenous and endogenous retroviruses according to the mode of transmission. Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are retroviruses which have been integrated into germ-line cells and inherited from parents to offspring. Most ERVs are inactivated by deletions and mutations; however, certain ERVs maintain their infectivity and infect the same host and new hosts as exogenous retroviruses. All domestic cats have infectious ERVs, termed RD-114 virus. Several canine and feline attenuated vaccines are manufactured using RD-114 virus-producing cell lines such as Crandell-Rees feline kidney cells; therefore, it is possible that infectious RD-114 virus contaminates live attenuated vaccines. Recently, Japanese and UK research groups found that several feline and canine vaccines were indeed contaminated with infectious RD-114 virus. This was the first incidence of contamination of 'infectious' ERVs in live attenuated vaccines. RD-114 virus replicates efficiently in canine cell lines and primary cells. Therefore, it is possible that RD-114 virus infects dogs following inoculation with contaminated vaccines and induces proliferative diseases and immune suppression, if it adapts to grow efficiently in dogs. In this review, we summarize the incidence of contamination of RD-114 virus in live attenuated vaccines and potential risks of infection with RD-114 virus in dogs.

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Isolation of a new serotype of simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome type D retrovirus from Celebes black macaques (Macaca nigra) with immune deficiency and retroperitoneal fibromatosis

Cited by 102 publications

References 22 publications

Serologic and Molecular Biologic Methods for SARS-associated Coronavirus Infection, Taiwan

Serologic and Molecular Biologic Methods for SARS-associated Coronavirus Infection, Taiwan

Seroepidemiologic survey of captive old‐world primates for antibodies to human and simian retroviruses, and isolation of a lentivirus from sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys)

Contamination of live attenuated vaccines with an infectious feline endogenous retrovirus (RD-114 virus)

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