Isoleucilactucin Ameliorates Coal Fly Ash-Induced Inflammation through the NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in MH-S Cells

Abstract

We investigated whether isoleucilactucin, an active constituent of Ixeridium dentatum, reduces inflammation caused by coal fly ash (CFA) in alveolar macrophages (MH-S). The anti-inflammatory effects of isoleucilactucin were assessed by measuring the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in MH-S cells exposed to CFA-induced inflammation. We found that isoleucilactucin reduced CFA-induced NO generation dose-dependently in MH-S cells. Moreover, isoleucilactucin suppressed CFA-activated proinflammatory mediators, including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and the proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-(IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). The inhibiting properties of isoleucilactucin on the nuclear translocation of phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B (p-NF-κB) were observed. The effects of isoleucilactucin on the NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were also measured in CFA-stimulated MH-S cells. These results indicate that isoleucilactucin suppressed CFA-stimulated inflammation in MH-S cells by inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK pathways, which suggest it might exert anti-inflammatory properties in the lung.

Inhibitory Effect of Phellinus baumii Extract on CFA-Induced Inflammation in MH-S Cells through Nuclear Factor-κB and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways

“…Furthermore, IF staining revealed that CFA increased the p-NF- κ B translocation in the nucleus, whereas PBE (100 μ g/mL) and Bay-11 (10 μ M) significantly decreased the p-NF- κ B translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus ( Figure 5 ). A similar result was also found in our previous study [ 19 , 34 ]. Bay-11 has been reported to have an anti-inflammatory activity that inhibits the phosphorylation of I κ B [ 35 ].…”

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Lespedeza cuneata in Coal fly ash-induced murine alveolar macrophage cells

“…These pro-inflammatory mediators activate the cascade of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Notably, these 3 cytokines may be harmful to their cells if their release is not effectively inhibited [36]. This notion is further confirmed by our results (Figs.…”

Anti-inflammatory activities of flavonoid derivates

“…As a fundamental biological process, inflammation is the protective response to tackle invading pathogens, antigens or damaged cells or tissues. It provides a defence mechanism to eliminate harmful substances and perform tissue repair [ 14 , 15 ]. At the molecular and cellular level, inflammation is characterized by five major signs: redness, heat, pain, swelling and functional loss.…”

“…IκB will be further phosphorylated to lead activation of NF-κβ. Taken together, both signalling pathways play an important role in the inflammatory processes because they are the suppliers of proinflammatory cytokines and thus serve as targets for drug action [ 15 , 21 , 36 ].…”