ISSR markers and morphometry determine genetic diversity and population structure in Hedera helix L.

Abstract

Hedera helix L. is an invasive, but medicinally important plant. In Iran, there is no available study on the H. helix population to reveal the genetic diversity and population structure. Fifty-six individual plants belonging to nine geographical populations were collected in four provinces of Iran. High genetic diversity, polymorphisms, and a Shannon diversity index of 0.269 were detected in Mazandaran, Kandovan (Population 3). Analysis of the molecular variance indicated 40% of total genetic variation of the whole population was present in the subpopulation. A high genetic similarity (0.922) between plant Populations 5 (Kermanshah; Islamabad) and 6 (Kermanshah; Paveh) was noted. On the other hand, a low genetic similarity was observed between plant Populations 1 (Tehran; Darband) and 8 (Ardabil; Hur). The Mantel test revealed a correlation between the genetic and geographical distances. Furthermore, it demonstrated the isolation mechanism responsible for the population structure in the H. helix plant populations. The principal component analysis explained the majority of the variation in the morphological characteristics. Three components explained 87% of the variation, and the first component explained 60% of the variation. For instance, the leaf morphology showed a correlation of > 0.7 between leaf morphological and floral characters. The plant leaves and quantitative flower characteristics separated the plant populations according to the differences in length. The current results have implications for plant conservation and management.

Estimation of genetic diversity of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) genotypes as a bioethanol source using SSRs markers

“…This average polymorphism value indicates that there is a moderate level of gene variation among the tested genotypes. This indicates that the sweet sorghum genotype came from a narrow genetic base, potentially derived from a common ancestral gene (Shakoor et al 2022). The moderate PIC value in this study was similar to that observed by Ali et al (2008) and Mangena et al (2018).…”

Genetic diversity and proteomic analysis of vegetable soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) accessions grown in mineral and BRIS soils

“…The polymorphism level, calculated as the number of polymorphic bands per primer, ranged from 9.0 to 83.0%. The moderate level of polymorphism indicates that the vegetable soybean accessions came from a narrow genetic base, potentially derived from a common ancestral gene (Shakoor et al 2022). The level of the genetic diversity obtained in the current study agrees with the findings of a few authors, who reported an average level of polymorphism, with the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers among the soybean (G. max) accessions from different countries, of 35% with the highest value (43%) from Hungary (Nkongolo et al 2020).…”

Genetic diversity of rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia for plus trees selection

“…The genetic diversity of a plant population can be studied using molecular markers. The molecular marker Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) has become a popular tool in the study of plant population genetics (Abdelaziz et al 2020;Li et al 2020, Sheikh et al 2021Shakoor et al 2022;Samarina et al 2022). The genetic diversity of Dalbergia was studied using several molecular markers, for example ISSR (Hien and Phong 2012;Javaid et al 2014;Fatima et al 2018a;Fatima et al 2018b;Bal and Panda 2018;Ijaz et al 2019;Junior et al 2020), Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (Bal and Panda 2018;Dobhal et al 2019;Tewari et al 2022), and Sequence Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) (Yulita et al 2020).…”