Ivanovo State University Experience in Training of Specialists in Liquid Crystals

Усольцева, Н. В.; Сырбу, С. А.; Zharnikova, N. V.

doi:10.1080/15421406.2011.572777

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…This is due to the fact that liotropic liquid-crystal phases are typical for more materials than thermotropic ones and to a great role of liotropic liquid crystals in biology. Note that myosin being an albumen contained in the contracting substance of the muscular tissue, desoxyribose nucleic acid playing a leading role in the transfer of heritable data, many polypeptides, ferments and other substances of biological origin are capable of forming the liotropic liquid-crystal phase [2,3]. It is also found that liquid crystals are of great importance in metabolic processes in living organisms.…”

Section: Classes Of Liquid Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Brief Review of Liquid Crystals

Ermakov

Белецкий²,

Eismont³

et al. 2015

Liquid Crystals in Biotribology

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Examined and summarized the types of liquid crystals. Analyzed structural characteristics of smectic, nematic and cholesteric liquid crystals. It is noted that cholesteric liquid crystals are helically twisted structure, the pitch of the helix which is temperature dependent and individual chemical properties of liquid-crystalline compounds of cholesterol. Results on the influence of temperature on rheological properties of cholesteric liquid crystals are presents.This chapter describes briefly main ideas of liquid crystals, their structure and properties. Such approach seems reasonable since it does not require searching corresponding publications.

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Section: Classes Of Liquid Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Discotics demonstrate the layered molecular arrangement like smectic crystals [3,12]. Their molecules lie in the layer planes forming close hexagonal packing shown in Fig.…”

Section: Classification and Structure Of Liquid Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Brief Review of Liquid Crystals

Ermakov

Белецкий²,

Eismont³

et al. 2015

Liquid Crystals in Biotribology

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“…[4][5][6][7][8] It has also been reported that amphiphilic porphyrin derivatives containing sulfogroups possess lyotropic mesomorphism. [9,10] We have demonstrated for cationic derivatives of 5,10,15,20-tetra-meso-aryl substituted porphyrins with terminal pyridinium groups that amphiphilic porphyrins possess thermotropic mesomorphism. At the same time a significant effect of the length of the aliphatic spacer and the metal nature on the liquid crystalline properties has been discovered.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Novel Alkoxyaryl Substituted Porphyrins with Terminal Carboxymethyl and Carboxy Groups: Synthesis and Mesomorphic Properties

Formirovsky¹,

Брагина²,

Mironov³

et al. 2011

MHC

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“…5.3, curves [1][2][3][4] show the rapic acid additive to reduce the friction coefficient. This proves a higher adsorption capacity of rapic acid molecules compared with water molecules that favors the appearance of adsorbed fatty acid films on the surfaces.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Liquid Crystals on Biological Mechanisms of Reducing Joint Friction

Ermakov

Белецкий²,

Eismont³

et al. 2015

Liquid Crystals in Biotribology

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The results of studying the friction of joint cartilages lubricated by synovia and lubricants without and with additives of liquid crystal compounds are presented. Based on the experimental data, the structural-mechanical and antifriction properties of joint synovia are compared. It is shown that, having in mind the regular structure of surface layers and deformation behavior of cartilages, the present results confirm the assumption on liquid crystal compounds as a cause of low friction in joints. The best tribological characteristics for the combinations with blood serum are demonstrated by drugs based on chondroitin sulfate, which display characteristics close to natural synovial fluid during frictional interaction of cartilage.The liquid crystal state seems to be an ideal medium for the occurrence of many biochemical reactions and the provision of the reproduction of biological structures. It is characteristic of cell membranes and organelles, photoreceptors of retina, microfibrils, collagen albumens, myelin nerve fibers, nucleic acids, saliva, and other natural objects [1][2][3][4]. The joint synovia also belongs to these objects. Its mesomorphic state may play an important role in reducing joint friction. Effect of Friction Surfaces and Lubricant on Joint Cartilage FrictionProceeding from modern ideas on anatomical, physiological, and biochemical features of members of the human and animal locomotor system including mechanisms of joint lubrication it is important to study the boundary lubrication of cartilages which occurs under heavy loads because collagen fibers are brought together. According to the generally accepted concept, low friction under these conditions should result from the formation of adsorbed films on friction surfaces. The latter are effectively separated by the films acting like boundary films of fatty acids, i.e. surfactants whose molecules are elongated and produce polymolecular adsorbed films normal to the friction surfaces [5][6][7]. Such structures are known to be characteristic of smectic liquid crystals. Since synovia contains acid components [8] it can be assumed that low friction in the boundary lubrication of cartilages is due to the mechanism of the action of fatty acids, i.e. the substances capable of forming smectic liquid crystal structures on bearing surfaces.Results of these studies are of interest for the following reasons. The lubricating behavior of the systems containing fatty acids is known to be governed by features of the structure of lubricating films in the zone of dynamic contact between solids rather than the lubricant rheological behavior [9,10]. Fatty acids of the biological origin belong to smectic liquid crystals characterized by a low shear resistance because shear in friction is localized in adsorbed lubricant films [10][11][12][13][14][15]. The use of fatty acids as surfactants to reduce friction is most effective when the nature of the friction surfaces provides chemical reactions between them and the acids [10,16].The assumption that synovia dem...

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Ivanovo State University Experience in Training of Specialists in Liquid Crystals

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Brief Review of Liquid Crystals

Brief Review of Liquid Crystals

Novel Alkoxyaryl Substituted Porphyrins with Terminal Carboxymethyl and Carboxy Groups: Synthesis and Mesomorphic Properties

Effect of Liquid Crystals on Biological Mechanisms of Reducing Joint Friction

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