Joule heater based on single-layer graphene

Смовж, Д. В.; Kostogrud, I A; Boyko, E. V.; Matochkin, Pavel E.; Pilnik, Andrey Alexandrovich

doi:10.1088/1361-6528/ab8ded

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Graphene-related materials have been extensively studied in view of their outstanding electro-thermal behavior [1,2]. This suggested their use in a large variety of applications, such as thermo-electrical actuators [3][4][5][6] or sensors [7][8][9], as well as smart coatings or novel heat management systems [10][11][12]. For such reasons, it is of paramount importance assessing reliable and fast characterization techniques able to accurately estimate the electro-thermal properties associated with such novel materials, such as the electrical and thermal conductivity, the thermal emissivity, and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of graphene nanoplatelets strips: a low-cost technique

2023

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This paper proposes a new technique to characterize the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of thin strips made by graphene nanoplatelets. The evaluation of these parameters is essential for a reliable design of thermal and electrothermal applications of graphene and is usually performed by means of assessed but expensive techniques such as those based on Raman effects and laser flash. The technique proposed here is simpler and less demanding in terms of equipment, and combines the results of an experimental characterization of the strip heated by the Joule effect obtained with Infra-Red camera, with those provided by an electro-thermal model. Specifically, the evaluation of the thermal conductivity and diffusivity is the result of the analysis of the transient behavior of the measured and simulated solutions. The methodology is here successfully validated by applying it to commercial graphene strips and benchmarking against the thermal parameters provided by the manufacturers. Then, a complete characterization is provided for commercial strips based on different formulations of graphene nanoplatelets and binders such as polyurethane, epoxy resin, and boron nitride. For these materials, the values of thermal conductivity and diffusivity are found in the ranges (50-450) W/(m·K) and (0.5-3.5)·10-4 m2/s, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of graphene nanoplatelets strips: a low-cost technique

2023

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“…Additional efforts have been presented recently with screen-printed graphene heaters [ 26 ]. Typically, graphene heaters can be developed by transferring graphene onto a substrate via heat press [ 27 ], dip-coating [ 28 ], or evaporation casting [ 29 ]. Alternatively, laser-induced graphene has been utilized for selective patterning of such structures [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Inkjet-Printed Heaters Utilizing Graphene-Based Inks

Barmpakos

Belessi

Xanthopoulos

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Thermal sensors are mainly based on the selective heating of specific areas, which in most cases is a critical feature for both the operation and the performance of the thermal device. In this work, we evaluate the thermoelectrical response of two graphitic materials, namely (a) a commercial 2.4%wt graphene–ethyl cellulose dispersion in cycloxehanone and terpineol (G) and (b) a custom functionalized reduced graphene oxide (f-rGO) ink in the range of −40 to 100 °C. Both inks were printed on a flexible polyimide substrate and the Thermal Coefficients of Resistance (TCR) were extracted as TCRG = −1.05 × 10−3 °C−1 (R2 = 0.9938) and TCRf-rGO = −3.86 × 10−3 °C−1 (R2 = 0.9967). Afterward, the inkjet-printed devices were evaluated as microheaters, in order to exploit their advantage for cost-effective production with minimal material waste. f-rGO and G printed heaters reached a maximum temperature of 97.5 °C at 242 mW and 89.9 °C at 314 mW, respectively, applied by a constant current source and monitored by an infrared camera. Repeatability experiments were conducted, highlighting the high robustness in long-term use. The power–temperature behavior was extracted by self-heating experiments to demonstrate the ability of the devices to serve as heaters. Both static and dynamic evaluation were performed in order to study the device behaviors and extract the corresponding parameters. After all the experimental processes, the resistance of the samples was again evaluated and found to differ less than 13% from the initial value. In this work, fabrication via inkjet printing and demonstration of efficient and stable microheaters utilizing a custom ink (f-rGO) and a commercial graphene ink are presented. This approach is suitable for fabricating selectively heated geometries on non-planar substrate with high repeatability and endurance in heat cycles.

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“…Graphene represents an alternative to CNTs with a low convective heat transfer coefficient, thereby enabling exceptional electrothermal device performance . Still, because graphene-based heaters suffer from large sheet resistance, they require a reasonably high input voltage (20–60 V) to attain operational temperatures (50–250 °C). ,− Methods that attempt to overcome this issue include sequential transfer-and-stacking of multiple graphene sheets, lattice doping, mixing with metallic nanoparticles, and fabricating graphene–CNT hybrid structures. ,,,,− Overall, these approaches involve process steps that hinder a lean and cost-effective workflow for future technology deployment. In addition to graphene sheets, resistive heating elements have been successfully made from graphene derivatives such as graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and laser-induced rGO (LrGO). − Although these materials have the advantage of low production costs and simple process workflows, they suffer from batch-to-batch heterogeneity, , high density of atomic lattice defects, ,,,, and poor electrical conductivity. , More importantly, graphene derivative-based heaters have a limited maximum temperature of operation. , They begin to degrade in air above 200 °C (owing to a non-negligible amount of lattice defects), undergoing reactions that may be catalyzed by any organic moieties or other elemental impurities present …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible, Air-Stable, High-Performance Heaters Based on Nanoscale-Thick Graphite Films

Deokar

Reguig

Büttner

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Graphite sheets are known to exhibit remarkable performance in applications such as heating panels and critical elements of thermal management systems. Industrial-scale production of graphite films relies on high-temperature treatment of polymers or calendering of graphite flakes; however, these methods are limited to obtaining micrometer-scale thicknesses. Herein, we report the fabrication of a flexible and power-efficient cm2-scaled heater based on a polycrystalline nanoscale-thick graphite film (NGF, ∼100 nm thick) grown by chemical vapor deposition. The stability of these NGF heaters (operational in air over the range 30–300 °C) is demonstrated by a 12-day continuous heating test, at 215 °C. The NGF exhibits a fast switching response and attains a steady peak temperature of 300 °C at a driving bias of 7.8 V (power density of 1.1 W/cm2). This excellent heating performance is attributed to the structural characteristics of the NGF, which contains well-distributed wrinkles and micrometer-wide few-layer graphene domains (characterized using conductive imaging and finite element methods, respectively). The efficiency and flexibility of the NGF device are exemplified by externally heating a 2000 μm-thick Pyrex glass vial and bringing 5 mL of water to a temperature of 96 °C (at 2.4 W/cm2). Overall, the NGF could become an excellent active material for ultrathin, flexible, and sustainable heating panels that operate at low power.

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Joule heater based on single-layer graphene

Cited by 11 publications

References 34 publications

Characterization of the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of graphene nanoplatelets strips: a low-cost technique

Characterization of the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of graphene nanoplatelets strips: a low-cost technique

Flexible Inkjet-Printed Heaters Utilizing Graphene-Based Inks

Flexible, Air-Stable, High-Performance Heaters Based on Nanoscale-Thick Graphite Films

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