Kebijakan Transmigrasi Dalam Kerangka Otonomi Khusus Di Papua: Masalah Dan Harapan

Abstract

Transmigration in Papua is perceived as an important approach to improve welfare, to achieve equity in regional development AbstrakTransmigrasi di Papua masih dipandang relevan sebagai suatu pendekatan untuk mencapai kesejahteraan, pemerataan pembangunan daerah, serta perekat persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa. Namun, kebijakan ini juga mendapat banyak kritikan. Oleh karena itu, penyelenggaraan transmigrasi di Papua perlu disesuaikan seiring dengan pemberlakuan Undang-undang Otonomi Khusus di provinsi ini. Program transmigrasi diharapkan dapat berpihak pada penduduk asli (affirmative action). Artikel ini membahas peran transmigrasi dalam proses pembangunan di Papua dan berbagai isu terkait yang dapat mengancam eksistensi komunitas lokal. Sumber data dan informasi dalam tulisan ini adalah hasil desk review dari berbagai laporan penelitian, artikel, buku, dan dokumen pendukung lainnya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan pentingnya peran transmigrasi dalam proses pembangunan di Papua. Meskipun begitu, program ini harus tetap mempertimbangkan hak-hak dasar penduduk lokal agar konflik di masyarakat dapat terhindar. Selain itu, pelaksanaan program transmigrasi harus memegang prinsip demokratis agar dapat mendorong peran serta masyarakat dalam proses pelaksanaan pembangunan.

Evaluation Land Use Cover Changes Over 29 Years in Papua Province of Indonesia Using Remote Sensing Data

“…However, another class of the categories, i.e., transmigration areas went down approximately 30.20% in term of the total changed area for 29 years. Since the enforcement of the Special Autonomy Law by Indonesia Government in 2001, the transmigration program has been falling off and has not been further continued by the Local Government [23].…”

Dispute over the 1974 MoU Box between Indonesia and Australia: How MoU Legally Binding in Two Countries?

“…However, these recognitions are contingent upon negotiations between the concerned countries. 17 It is crucial to highlight that Indonesia has consistently maintained a stance of non-recognition of the ownership of Pulau Pasir/Ashmore Reef, considering it as part of Australian territory inherited from the United Kingdom, as affirmed in the 1957 Djuanda Declaration. Australian government arrests of Indonesian fishermen are based on clear reasons, primarily stemming from violations such as the use of inappropriate fishing gear like tiger trawls that can harm the marine ecosystem, and the operation of motorized vessels not in compliance with the terms outlined in the 1974 MoU Box.…”

Shifting Cultivation of Arfak Farmer in Somi and Indisey Villages

“…The program can't just get in without socialization and adaptation. The benefit of transmigration program in Papua is not yet enjoyed by local people who spare their area for the transmigration program (Yuminarti, 2017). Yuminarti further reveals that the problem above arises due to the transfer of knowledge (mainly about agriculture) which is too late from transmigration farmers to local people.…”

“…He mentioned that the palm oil development had caused deforestation which gave external impacts, such as water pollution, erosion, and air pollution. The fifth is Yuminarti (2017) saying local people have not benefited anything from sparing their area for the transmigration program; they also late to have work of culture and proper education. This research aims to describe the environmental condition of shifting cultivation in Indisey and Somi villages which include soil, labour, gender, policies the socio-economy condition, social capital, and human capital barrier (Sodarak, 1999), and the conflicts.…”