This study examines the shifting cultivation farming and settled farming by Arfak farmers, and their implications on the community food security.  The research is conducted in Minyememut and Arion Villages at Hink District, and Suteibey and Igymbai Villages at Anggi District of Arfak Mountains Regency of West Papua Province.  The objective of the study is to compare potato farming, productivity and farmer income from potato farming.  The research uses analytical descriptive method, and in-depth interviews techniques for data collection, by using questionnaires, field observation and documentation.  Data analysis is done by tabulation analysis, data interpretation and conclusion withdrawal. The results show that potato farming is still done by using shifting cultivation system.  However, there has been a settled farming practice in Arfak Mountains Regency. Although the system used is different, but the two of the agricultural practices are still using the same technology.  Potato farms’ area of shifting cultivation is larger than the settled farming, so the production is greater.  On the other hand, the productivity of settled farming is higher than the shifting cultivation system. This condition shows that the shifting cultivation farming and settled farming have implications for supporting community food security in Arfak Regency.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji usahatani kentang perladangan berpindah dan usahatani menetap yang dilakukan petani Arfak dan implikasinya pada ketahanan pangan masyarakat.  Penelitian ini dilakukan di kampung Minyememut dan Arion Distrik Hink, dan kampung Suteibey dan Igymbai Distrik Anggi Kabupaten Pegunungan Arfak Provinsi Papua Barat.  Tujuan penelitian adalah melakukan komparasi usahatani kentang, produktivitas dan pendapatan petani dari usahatani kentang.   Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah diskriptif analitis, dan teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam menggunakan kuisioner, observasi lapang dan dokumentasi.  Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis tabulasi, interpretasi data serta penarikan kesimpulan.   Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usahatani kentang masih dilakukan dengan cara perladangan berpindah, namun telah ada yang mempraktekkan secara menetap di Kabupaten Pegunungan Arfak. Meskipun sistem yang digunakan berbeda, tetapi kedua praktek pertanian tersebut masih menggunakan teknologi sama.  Lahan tanaman kentang pada perladangan berpindah lebih luas, sehingga produksi lebih banyak. Namun produktivitas lahan usahatani menetap lebih tinggi dibanding perladangan berpindah dan secara statistik terdapat perbedaan. Sedangkan pendapatan yang diperoleh petani tidak terdapat perbedaan. Keadaan ini menunjukkan usahatani kentang perladangan berpindah dan usahatani menetap berimplikasi mendukung ketahanan pangan masyarakat di Kabupaten Pegunungan Arfak.

Transmigration in Papua is perceived as an important approach to improve welfare, to achieve equity in regional development AbstrakTransmigrasi di Papua masih dipandang relevan sebagai suatu pendekatan untuk mencapai kesejahteraan, pemerataan pembangunan daerah, serta perekat persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa. Namun, kebijakan ini juga mendapat banyak kritikan. Oleh karena itu, penyelenggaraan transmigrasi di Papua perlu disesuaikan seiring dengan pemberlakuan Undang-undang Otonomi Khusus di provinsi ini. Program transmigrasi diharapkan dapat berpihak pada penduduk asli (affirmative action). Artikel ini membahas peran transmigrasi dalam proses pembangunan di Papua dan berbagai isu terkait yang dapat mengancam eksistensi komunitas lokal. Sumber data dan informasi dalam tulisan ini adalah hasil desk review dari berbagai laporan penelitian, artikel, buku, dan dokumen pendukung lainnya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan pentingnya peran transmigrasi dalam proses pembangunan di Papua. Meskipun begitu, program ini harus tetap mempertimbangkan hak-hak dasar penduduk lokal agar konflik di masyarakat dapat terhindar. Selain itu, pelaksanaan program transmigrasi harus memegang prinsip demokratis agar dapat mendorong peran serta masyarakat dalam proses pelaksanaan pembangunan.

Transportation is very instrumental directly in the process of development, due to the transportation community easily perform the displacement from a site to the other, thus accelerating the growth of the economy in large cities and villages. However, such transport is not feasible and provide negative impact to the environment in the form of air pollution. The purpose of research was to (1). analyse large concentrations of CO, HC, CO₂ and O₂ in the emission gas exhaust, (2). analyse the effect of emission gas exhaust of vehicles public transport, and (3) analyse the influence of the characteristics of public transport vehicles against the concentration of CO and HC test emissions existed in the District Manokwari. The research was a kind of quantitative research where all the data needed for the analysis were obtained directly. The data directly required were data obtained by measuring the amount of emission, the characteristics of the operational public transport, interviews, and analysis of regression linear multiple by using SPSS 25. The results of the study showed that the average amount of emission gas exhaust of public transport vehicles in the District Manokwari is CO at 2.13 %, HC at 534.60 ppm, CO₂ at 12.96% and O₂ at 2.71%. Most of the public transport operating in the city of Manokwari issued emission gas exhaust exceeded the threshold limit that has been set and has the potential to pollute the air or do not pass the test of emissions by 63.50% and only 36.5% in transport public passed the test of emission gas exhaust. In addition, the results of the test emission coefficient of the regression were simultaneously throughout the variables affecting the emission of CO and HC.

No abstract

Over the course of the last decades, closed-loop supply chains (CLSC) and reverse logistics issues have attracted increasing attention owing to strict environmental laws, social responsibilities, economic interests, and customer awareness. Hence, the issue of closed-loop supply chain and reverse logistics has emerged as a field of research in the new era. This issue has received much attention because it allows recyclable products to return to their original cycle. Therefore, this study primarily intends to present a mathematical model for designing a supply chain network for recycled products. The multi-stage and multi-period objective function of the closed-loop supply chain is presented to meet that aim. In this chain, dismantling, recycling, and disposal centers are considered. The objective function is to reduce the total cost of the closed-loop supply chain. The results of optimizing the mathematical model demonstrate that this model has the necessary efficiency for use in recycled products.