Keeping the Women Out: A Gendered Organizational Approach to Understanding Early Career-Ending Police Misconduct

Gaub, Janne E.; Holtfreter, Kristy

doi:10.1177/0011128721999332

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The police subculture is also rooted in the hypermasculinity associated with straight, white, middle-class men (Herbert, 1998), consistent with the gendered nature of policing individually and organizationally (Morash and Haarr, 2012; McCarthy, 2013; Silvestri, 2015; Brown et al. , 2019; Gaub, 2020; Gaub and Holtfreter, 2022). Herbert (1998) also argues that law, competence and morality are also key pieces of the police subculture.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 86%

“I am doing my part, you are doing your part”: the sworn-civilian divide in police dispatching

Orosco

Gaub

2022

PIJPSM

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PurposeWhile police culture typically refers to the culture among sworn police personnel, there are internal cultural differences between subgroups. This has been documented among sworn personnel, such as the difference between street cops and management cops (Reuss-Ianni, 1983). The divide between professional and sworn staff in a law enforcement context has also been discussed at length (Maguire, 1997; Reiss, 1992), specifically the “us versus them” mentality that stems from feelings of isolation among professional and sworn staff. The relationship between dispatchers and officers is vital to public and officer safety; it is imperative that cultural barriers preventing effective collaboration between two of the most critical components of policing are identified, and recommendations to bridge the gap are provided.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use semi-structured interview data from a sample of peer-nominated top dispatch de-escalators (TDDs) considered highly skilled at de-escalation with callers and officers. Reflexive coding techniques were used to identify key themes in an area largely unexamined by research.FindingsThe authors find that the police culture creates friction between sworn officers and dispatchers in a number of contexts. This diminishes organizational commitment and increases burnout and frustration.Practical implicationsThere are several policy recommendations for both communications centers and sworn staff to foster understanding and increase collaboration, all of which may result in improved outcomes for community members, dispatchers and officers.Originality/valueThe authors use qualitative methods to explore the implications of the sworn-civilian divide for police practice, such as more effective de-escalation and incident resolution, as well as the conceptualization of police culture writ large.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 86%

“I am doing my part, you are doing your part”: the sworn-civilian divide in police dispatching

Orosco

Gaub

2022

PIJPSM

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“…Prior to Floyd's death, Officer Chauvin had received nearly 20 official complaints against him by local residents, with two complaints leading to official letters of reprimand (Ailworth et al, 2020). It can be argued, then, that Chauvin's disciplinary record was a portent of future criminality (Gaub & Holtfreter, 2021;Greene et al, 2004;Kane & White, 2013). In terms of officer-involved domestic violence, research shows that about 40% of male officers engaged in some type of domestic violence against their spouses (Neidig, Seng et al, 1992;Stinson, 2015), including more sinister crimes such as choking, strangling, or the threat of use of a weapon (Neidig, Russell et al, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Criminal Police Officer: Understanding Factors That Predict Police Crime in the United States

Boateng

Pryce

Hsieh

2021

Crime & Delinquency

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Although police decision making and behavior always face intense public scrutiny, officers’ criminal lifestyles have largely been ignored in national debates and discussions. The primary focus of this study was to understand factors that predicted police criminality. To achieve this objective, we analyzed a nationally representative dataset on officers who were arrested from 2005 to 2011 using advanced statistical approaches. Results obtained using multilevel modeling demonstrate the predictive effects of officer and agency characteristics in explaining police criminality. Specifically, findings reveal differences in types of crimes committed by the officers. For example, male officers engage in crimes that are entirely different from those committed by their female counterparts. Likewise, on-duty officers tend to criminally behave differently from their off-duty counterparts. Furthermore, agency-level factors such as type of agency, number of sworn officers, and location of the agency predict police crime. Current findings highlight the importance of policies that would directly address criminality in law enforcement.

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“…Our interview sample consisted of 45 men and 12 women, which reflects the male-dominated nature of policing (Gaub & Holtfreter, 2022). Their age ranged from 25 to 58 years, with an average of 41.7 years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“We’re Not the Cure, We’re Just the Band-Aid”: The Interplay of Structure, Culture, and Practice in Police Service Provision to Persons with Mental Illnesses

Cohen

2023

The American Review of Public Administration

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This study uses the constellation approach of transition theory as a theoretical framework to depict the ways in which facilitators and barriers in police system's structure, culture, and practice interact to shape police response to persons with mental illnesses (PWMIs). The study utilizes the framework method to analyze 57 in-depth interviews with police officers in Texas. Using a hybrid approach of inductive and deductive thematic analysis, we develop a matrix of four quadrants characterizing the constellation of mental health service provision by police: (1) structural barriers (deficits in resources, unsuccessful collaboration, lack of training), (2) structural facilitators (crisis intervention teams, informal cross-disciplinary collaborations, technology), (3) cultural barriers (role conflict, perceived inability to help, stigma), and (4) cultural facilitators (the police mission ‘to serve and protect’, improving police public image, managerial support). The study ends with recommendations for the scaling up of police mental health service provision to PWMIs.

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Keeping the Women Out: A Gendered Organizational Approach to Understanding Early Career-Ending Police Misconduct

Cited by 21 publications

References 72 publications

“I am doing my part, you are doing your part”: the sworn-civilian divide in police dispatching

“I am doing my part, you are doing your part”: the sworn-civilian divide in police dispatching

The Criminal Police Officer: Understanding Factors That Predict Police Crime in the United States

“We’re Not the Cure, We’re Just the Band-Aid”: The Interplay of Structure, Culture, and Practice in Police Service Provision to Persons with Mental Illnesses

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