Kejadian Kecacingan pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri Kecamatan Rumbai Pesisir Pekanbar

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenyakit kecacingan masih menjadi masalah kesehatan. Penyakit ini terutama diderita oleh anak-anak. Pada kondisi kecacingan ringan tidak menimbulkan gejala, pada kondisi berat dapat menimbulkan manifestasi usus, malaise, gangguan perkembangan kognitif, terganggunya perkembangan fisik dan anemia.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengethui proporsi dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kecacingan Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) yaitu kebiasaan mencuci tangan, kebersihan kuku, ketersediaan jamban, jenis lantai rumah, ketersediaan air bersih di rumah,ketersediaan tempat sampah, kebiasaan bermain di tanah,kebiasaan menggunakan alas kaki, ketersediaan Sarana Pembuangan Air Limbah (SPAL), pekerjaan ibu, pekerjaan ayah, jenis kelamin dan minum obat cacing. Penelitian ini bersifat kuatitatif analitik observasional dengan studi penampang analitik. Populasi adalah seluruh siswa SD Negeri Kecamatan Rumbai Pesesir sebanyak 2610 orang dan sampel 240 orang. Sampling yang digunakan adalah systematic random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uni regresi linier ganda. Hasil penelitian diperoleh proporsi kecacingan 16,3%, jenis Ascaris lumbricoides 13,0%, Trichuiris trichiura 2,5% dan cacing Tambang 0,8%.Variabel yang berhubungan dengan kecacingan: minum obat cacing (POR:11,143; 95%CI: 4,179-31,886), kebiasaan mencuci tangan (POR:5,366; 95%CI: 2,186-13,172), ketersediaan SPAL (POR:2,615; 95%CI: 1,195-6,787), kebersihan kuku (POR: 2,378; 95%CI : 1,300-7,227).Kata Kunci: Kecacingan, minum obat cacing, kebiasaan mencuci tangan, ketersediaan SPAL, kebersihan kuku. ABSTRACTHelminthiasis remains a health problem. This disease mostly suffered by children. Mild helminthiasis cause no symptoms, but in severe conditions can cause intestinal problems such as diarrhea and abdominal pain, malaise, decreasing cognitive and physical development, and anemia.The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of helminthiasis and factors associated with helminthiasis i.e the habit of hand washing, nail hygiene, availability of latrines, type of floor of the house, the availability of clean water in the house, the availability of trash, a habit of playing in land, the habit of using footwear, availability of Waste Water Disposal Facility, mother's occupation, father's occupation, sex and drinking-worming in elementery school students. This study was observasional analytic study with crossectional approach. The population were 2610 students of state elementary school in Kecamatan Rumbai Pesisir. As many as 240 students obtained a sample by using systematic random sampling The date was analaized with Multiple linear regression. The results showed the proportion of helminthiasis incidence was 16.3%,which ascariasis incidence 12.9%, trichuriasis 2.5% and hookworm infection 0.8%. The Variables that significantly related to the incidence of helminthiasis were taking anthelmintics (POR: 11.143; 95% CI: 4.179 to 31.886) , handwashing (POR: 5.366; 95% CI: 2.186 to 13.172), the availability of SPAL (POR: 2.615; 95% CI: 1.195 to 6.787)...

Family Characteristics Affecting the Incidence of Worm Parasites Infection in Rural Areas of Central Java, Indonesia

“…Nevertheless, it remains necessary the instigation of hand washing with soap as an effort to prevent the disease of worm eggs. This is in line with research (Kartini, 2016), that hand washing is significantly related to the incidence of worm on Elementary School Students. Next to education, employment and washing hands showed no significant relationship statistically with worm infection, although studies conducted by Suhartono (1996) indicates that the knowledge of parents and elementary school students related to worm infection in students.…”

The Impact of Soil Transmitted Helminth (Sth) Towards Anemia Case in Elementary School Student in the District of Northwest Sumba

“…Kinds of worms that dangerous are roundworms (Ascaris lumbricoides), hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necutor americanus) and Trichuris trichiura. (Kartini, 2016) STH's infection can give a grave impact on health both directly and indirectly. Directly, STH could affects supply and absorption and food metabolism to human body.…”

“…Besides, decreasing nutritious, STH can impede physical growth, intelligence, working productivity, and decrease body's immunity which makes body is susceptible to disease and other infections. (Kartini, 2016) According to data of WHO worms cases in the world are still high where 1 billion people are infected by Ascaris lumbricoides, 795 million are infected by Trichuris trihiura and 740 million are infected by Hookworm. (Mardiana, 2014) While according to data of Health Ministry of Indonesia in 2006, based on survey done by sub-unit diarrhea on 2002 and 2003 in 40 elementary schools in 10 provinces, STH's prevalence is about 2.2%-96.3%.…”

Behavior Factors and Cases of Helminthiasis in Elementary School Students

“…This can be caused by the presence of worm drug administration activities carried out by Moyudan Community Health Center in elementary school children held in November 2017, which allows at least children infected with helminthiasis. Helminthiasis in elementary school students can be influenced by the consumption of worm medicine in which students who do not take worm medicine within a span of 6 months can risk 11 times greater than students who take worm medicine within a span of 6 months [6].…”

“…The results revealed that the majority of children (95%) defecate carelessly and wash their hands with soil without using soap to wash their hands [19]. During activities such as playing and defecating, the child can touch his fist or the ground containing worm eggs if not washed before eating, it can be swallowed through the hand [6].…”