An advanced constitutive model in the sheet metal forming simulation: the Teodosiu microstructural model and the Cazacu Barlat yield criterion AIP Conf.Abstract. This presentation is a review of experimental methods for accurately measuring and modeling the anisotropic plastic deformation behavior of metal sheets under a variety of loading paths: biaxial compression test, hydraulic bulge test, biaxial tension test using a cruciform specimen, multiaxial tube expansion test using a closed-loop electrohydraulic testing machine for the measurement of forming limit strains and stresses, combined tension-shear test, and in-plane stress reversal test. Observed material responses are compared with predictions using phenomenological plasticity models to highlight the importance of accurate material testing. Special attention is paid to the plastic deformation behavior of sheet metals commonly used in industry, and to verifying the validity of constitutive models based on anisotropic yield functions at a large plastic strain range. The effects of using appropriate material models on the improvement of predictive accuracy for forming defects, such as springback and fracture, are also presented.The hydraulic bulge test is widely used in determining the work hardening characteristics of sheet materials up to plastic strains greater than can be achieved in simple tension [3]. For an accurate determination of the stress-strain curves, the strain rate must be constant during bulging [4]. Yoshida [5] performed FE analyses for a hydraulic bulge test and clarified that the stress measurement error is less than 1 % when the experimental conditions satisfy thatradius of die cavity, D U : initial gauge length for the measurement of the radius of curvature at the apex of the bulged specimen, D H : initial gauge length for the measurement of the meridian strain at the apex of the bulged specimen, 0 t : initial thickness of test material).
Biaxial Compression TestThe biaxial compression test is also valuable for sheet materials [6][7][8]. FIGURE 1(a) is a schematic diagram of biaxial compression tests using adhesively bonded sheet laminate specimens, showing how different stress states can be obtained in the S -plane [7]. The validity of the testing method can be verified using a method as shown FIGURE 1(b); the stress-strain curve measured for the biaxial compression along the RD and TD (equivalent to the uniaxial tension in the thickness direction) are in agreement with that for the uniaxial compression in the thickness direction.