Key Techniques for Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration of Pinus koraiensis

Abstract

Korean pine is the dominant species of Korean pine forests. It is an economically valuable species that yields oil, high-quality timber and nuts, and it offers great prospects for further development. Complete regenerated plants of Korean pine were obtained via somatic embryogenesis using megagametophytes as the explant. The seeds of 27 families of Korean pine were collected to induce embryogenic lines. We compared the effects of explant collection time, family and medium components (concentrations of sucrose, plant growth regulators and acid-hydrolyzed casein) on embryogenic lines induction. The effects of plant growth regulators and L-glutamine contents on the proliferation and maturation of embryogenic cell lines were studied, and the germinating ability of different cell lines was evaluated. The embryogenic lines induction percentage of Korean pine reached 33.33%. When 4.52 μmol·L−1 2,4-D and 2.2 μmol·L−1 6-BA were added to the medium of embryogenic lines proliferation, the ability of embryo maturation was the best (cell line 001#-100 was 135.71·g−1 fresh weight). Adding 1–1.5g L−1 L-glutamine to the proliferation medium can improve the ability of embryo maturation (cell line 001#-100 was 165.63·g−1 fresh weight). The germination percentage of the three cell lines tested was significant, and the highest was 66%. We report on successful regeneration and cryopreservation methods for somatic embryos of Korean pine. This technology could be used to propagate the excellent germplasm resources of Korean pine and to establish multi-varietal forestry.

Somatic Embryogenesis of Norway Spruce and Scots Pine: Possibility of Application in Modern Forestry

“…Moreover, the highest percentage of embryogenic cell lines was obtained at these lower temperatures as compared to 28 • C. Earlier, Montálban et al [75] demonstrated that cold storage of cones for over 1 month increases SE initiation frequency. On the other hand, Gao et al [76] proved that the success of the induction step in some pine species is also dependent on the family origin and collection date of explants. Open-pollinated cones of three families with explants were collected from June to July 2015.…”

Conifer Biotechnology: An Overview

“…Here, too, the origin of responses to different temperatures in SE in conifers will have to be analyzed [110]. The effects of the timing of sample collection, its family components, and the means of induction of embryogenic lines have now been successfully demonstrated [111]. It is a challenge for researchers to permanently question all solutions that might seem definitively adopted only a short time ago.…”

“…Somatic embriogenesis has been shown to be very successful in other genera of the Pinaceae family: Abies, Larix, Picea, Pinus, and Pseudotsuga, and others of the families Cupressaceae, Taxaceae, Cephalotaxaceae, and Araucariaceae [68,120]. Currently, SE has been achieved for almost 30 pine species [111].…”

Micropropagation of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz): Review

“…Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a technique used by plants to reproduce bipolar structures from somatic cells [59]. It entails the co-ordination of four steps: the production of embryogenic lines, proliferation, maturation, and plant regeneration (Figure 1) [60]. This approach serves as a significant experimental model for studying the processes of plant embryogenesis and is also one of the best methods for mass multiplication of elite or genetically modified plants [61].…”