Killing of the Yeast and Hyphal Forms of Candida albicans Using a Light-Activated Antimicrobial Agent

Jackson, Zachary; Meghji, S; MacRobert, Alexander J.; Henderson, Brian E.; Wilson, Michael

doi:10.1007/s101030050037

Cited by 56 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] The results of the present investigation demonstrated significant reduction of CFU/mL of C. albicans from tongues of mice after 400, 500, and 1000 mg/L of Photogem associated with LED light (305 J/cm 2 ) (455 and 630 nm). There is only one report describing a dose-dependent photoeradication of C. albicans in an immunodeficient murine model.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…These authors also verified photosensitization of C. albicans under conditions resembling those that would be encountered in vivo (in saliva, serum, saline, and broth at a pH ranging from 4.0 to 7.0). 41 Jackson et al 19 found that the hyphal form of C. albicans was more susceptible to photoinactivation, requiring a lower TBO concentration than the yeast form. The germ tube formation of C. albicans, a transition state from budding to hyphal cells and an essential phase to virulence, was also inhibited by PDT using MB (0.027 to 13.37 mM) and laser light (28 J/cm 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are susceptible to photoinactivation. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Usually, dyes (toluidine blue and methylene blue) and porphyrins are used as PS combined with red laser light. However, light sources with simpler technology and lower cost than lasers, such as light-emitting diodes (LED), have been successfully applied in PDT.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Susceptibility of Candida albicans to photodynamic therapy in a murine model of oral candidosis

Mima

Pavarina

Dovigo

et al. 2010

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, an

141

130

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Objective. In vivo studies of antimicrobial PDT in animal models of oral candidosis are scarce and the association of porphyrin and LED light has not been evaluated for in vivo photoinactivation of Candida. In this study the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the inactivation of Candida albicans in vivo was evaluated. Study design. Seventy-one 6-week-old female Swiss mice were immunosuppressed, provided tetracycline to their drinking water, then orally swabbed with a suspension of C. albicans (10 7 CFU/mL). Four days after oral inoculation, PDT was performed on the dorsum of the tongue after topical administration of Photogem at 400, 500, or 1000 mg/L and followed 30 minutes later by illumination with LED light (305 J/cm 2 ) at 455 or 630 nm (n ϭ 5 each). After swabbing to recover yeast from the tongue, the number of surviving yeast cells was determined (CFU/mL) and analyzed by ANOVA and Holm-Sidak tests (P Ͻ .05). Animals were humanely killed, and the tongues surgically removed and processed for histological evaluation of presence of yeast and inflammatory reaction. Results. PDT resulted in a significant reduction in C. albicans recovered from the tongue (P Ͻ .001) when compared with mice from the positive control group. There was no difference between the concentrations of Photogem and LED light wavelengths used. Histological evaluation of the tongue revealed that PDT causes no significant adverse effects to the local mucosa. Conclusion. PDT promoted significant reduction in the viability of C. albicans biofilm without harming the tongue tissue.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Susceptibility of Candida albicans to photodynamic therapy in a murine model of oral candidosis

Mima

Pavarina

Dovigo

et al. 2010

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, an

141

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The focus is now mainly on the PDI of pathogenic or potentially pathogenic fungi like Aspergillus fumigatus (9), Trichophyton rubrum (36), and especially Candida albicans (3,5,15,41), which is a common inhabitant of the mouth, throat, digestive tract, and skin. In hosts with a compromised immune system it can become pathogenic (8,11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Study of the Photodynamic Inactivation of Candida albicans by a Cationic Porphyrin

Lambrechts¹,

Aalders²,

Marle

2005

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

157

126

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“…However, others showed that low concentrations of toluidine blue O produced optimal killing of Cryptococcus gattii. 24,53 Some other studies also found that increase in concentration of methylene blue may cause a decrease in number of colonies recovered after the irradiation.…”

Section: 51mentioning

confidence: 92%

Photodynamic Therapy in Endodontics

Mohammadi¹,

Jafarzadeh²,

Shalavi³

et al. 2017

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Commonly used irrigants do not always eradicate the entire microbial flora in infected root canals. Therefore, several other strategies, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) have been developed. Photoactivated disinfection is based on the interaction of a photosensitive antibacterial agent and a light source. It uses a nontoxic dye named photosensitizer (PS) and lowintensity visible light. In oxygen presentation, these combine to produce some cytotoxic species. The PS molecules attach to bacteria membrane. Irradiation with a specific wavelength of the light may lead to the production of singlet oxygen, resulting in rupture of the microbial cell wall. There are several applications for PDT in dentistry. A successful periodontal treatment is based on elimination of bacteria from the infected area. Phenothiazinium PSs have been shown to be highly effective and safe for this purpose. However, scaling/root planing should be performed before the PDT. While performing the PDT, PS should be first injected in the periodontal pocket and allowed to pigment. Then, the special fiber should be inserted 1 mm short of the pocket base and lased. Photodynamic therapy has also been used to disinfect caries dentin before restoration, disinfecting oral tissues before or during surgical procedures, treating denture stomatitis, and treating oral candidiasis in immunocompromised patients. Photodynamic therapy can be used in combination with mechanical instrumentation and chemical antimicrobial agents, such as sodium hypochlorite, too. The purpose of this study was to review historical perspective, mechanism of action, and applications of PDT in dentistry and especially in endodontics was reviewed. Furthermore, the effects of PDT on dentin bonding and endotoxin are discussed.Clinical significance: Photodynamic therapy has been advocated to increase the disinfection level of the root canal system.

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Killing of the Yeast and Hyphal Forms of Candida albicans Using a Light-Activated Antimicrobial Agent

Cited by 56 publications

References 21 publications

Susceptibility of Candida albicans to photodynamic therapy in a murine model of oral candidosis

Susceptibility of Candida albicans to photodynamic therapy in a murine model of oral candidosis

Mechanistic Study of the Photodynamic Inactivation of Candida albicans by a Cationic Porphyrin

Photodynamic Therapy in Endodontics

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