Kinetics and seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children

Roarty, Cathal; Tonry, Claire; McFetridge, Lisa; Mitchell, Hannah; Watson, Chris; Waterfield, Thomas; Waxman, Elizabeth S.; Fairley, Derek; Roew-Setz, Gala; McKenna, James; Mallet, Peter; Christy, Ryan; Christie, Katherine F.; McManus, Emma; Bennison, C.; Mullan, Kate; Metryka, Aleksandra; Moore, Robert K.; Ferris, Kathryn; Watt, Alison; McGinn, Claire; Foster, Steven; Evans, Jennifer; Lyttle, Mark D; Ahmad, Shahzad; Ladhani, Shamez; Corr, Michael; Maney, Julie Ann; Christie, Sharon

doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30884-7

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Li et al [ 228 ] observed the production of antibodies in adults reached their peak at 17 days after the onset of symptoms and then remained at a relatively high level for up to 50 days. Similar behavior was also reported by Roarty et al [ 231 ], who demonstrated that antibody titers in children previously exposed to SARS-CoV-2 remained detectable up to 62 days after the onset of symptoms. Thus, it is generally expected that the performance of serological tests (such as the parameters of specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy) will improve according to the course of the illness.…”

Section: Nucleic Acid-based Tests and Serological Tests: Practicalsupporting

confidence: 88%

The Main Molecular and Serological Methods for Diagnosing COVID-19: An Overview Based on the Literature

Machado

Hodel

Barbosa-Júnior

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Diagnostic tests have been considered as the main alternative for the control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), as a correct diagnosis allows for decision making when facing the disease, particularly as there is a lack of effective therapeutic protocols and vaccines. Thus, in this review, we summarized the main diagnostic approaches currently available for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans based on studies available in article databases. The tests can be organized into two main categories: nucleic acid-based tests, recommended for the initial detection of the virus, and serological tests, recommended for assessing the disease progression. The studies have shown that the performance of diagnostic methods depends on different factors, such as the type of samples and the characteristics of each assay. It was identified that the positivity of the tests is mainly related to the onset of symptoms. We also observed that point-of-care diagnoses are considered as one of the main trends in this area, due to the low-cost and simplicity of the assay; however, the analytical performance must be critically analyzed. Thus, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical role of diagnostic technologies in the control of infectious diseases.

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Section: Nucleic Acid-based Tests and Serological Tests: Practicalsupporting

confidence: 88%

The Main Molecular and Serological Methods for Diagnosing COVID-19: An Overview Based on the Literature

Machado

Hodel

Barbosa-Júnior

et al. 2020

Viruses

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“…There is some concern that the SARS-CoV-2 antibody response is not stable over time especially in asymptomatic individuals 15 leading to an underestimation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in seroprevalence studies. However, there are longitudinal studies of the SARS-CoV-2 antibody response kinetic in children 16 and adults 17 that show antibody titres remain detectable for at least 62 days. Given the short intervals between exposure and first and second study visits of 6–8 weeks and the fact that all seropositive participants in the first visit remained seropositive in the second visit, we feel confident that the risk of missing a relevant number of infections due to vanishing antibody titres is low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 transmissions in students and teachers: seroprevalence follow-up study in a German secondary school in November and December 2020

Armann

Kirsten

Galow

et al. 2021

bmjpo

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ObjectiveTo quantify the number of undetected SARS-CoV-2 infections in educational settings.DesignSerial SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study before and during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.SettingSecondary school in Dresden, Germany.ParticipantsGrade 8–12 students and their teachers were invited to participate in serial blood sampling and SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody assessment.Main outcome measureSeroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in study population.Results247 students and 55 teachers participated in the initial study visit and 197 students and 40 teachers completed follow-up. Seroprevalence increased from 1.7% (0.3–3.3) to 6.8% (3.8–10.1) during the study period mirroring the increase of officially reported SARS-CoV-2 infections during this time. The ratio of undetected to detected SARS-CoV-2 infections ranged from 0.25 to 0.33.ConclusionsWe could not find evidence of relevant silent, asymptomatic spread of SARS-CoV-2 in schools neither in a low prevalence setting nor during the second wave of the pandemic, making it unlikely that educational settings play a crucial role in driving the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Trial registration numberDRKS00022455.

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“…In a study conducted in the United Kingdom, the kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses was investigated by measuring seroprevalence in 849 children aged 2-15 years (112). Sixtyfive children (7.7%) were positive when first tested, and 45 of those had detectable antibody titers when tested ∼2 months later.…”

Section: Immunity In Special Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity to SARS-CoV-2: Lessons Learned

Fergie

Srivastava

2021

Front. Immunol.

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In the year since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and with understanding of the etiology of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it has become clear that most infected individuals achieve some form of immunity against the virus with relatively few reported reinfections. A number of vaccines have already achieved emergency use authorization based on data from large phase 3 field efficacy clinical trials. However, our knowledge about the extent and durability of this immunity, and the breadth of vaccine coverage against SARS-CoV-2 variants is still evolving. In this narrative review, we summarize the latest and rapidly developing understanding of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection, including what we have learned about the key antigens of SARS-CoV-2 (i.e., the spike protein and its receptor-binding domain), their importance in vaccine development, the immediate immune response to SARS-CoV-2, breadth of coverage of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, contributions of preexisting immunity to related coronaviruses, and duration of immunity. We also discuss lessons from newer approaches, such as systems serology, that provide insights into molecular and cellular immune responses elicited and how they relate to the trajectory of infection, and potentially inform immune correlates of protection. We also briefly examine the limited research literature on immune responses in special populations, such as pregnant women and children.

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Kinetics and seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children

Cited by 29 publications

References 4 publications

The Main Molecular and Serological Methods for Diagnosing COVID-19: An Overview Based on the Literature

The Main Molecular and Serological Methods for Diagnosing COVID-19: An Overview Based on the Literature

SARS-CoV-2 transmissions in students and teachers: seroprevalence follow-up study in a German secondary school in November and December 2020

Immunity to SARS-CoV-2: Lessons Learned

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