Kinetics of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide production and formation of peroxynitrite during the respiratory burst of human neutrophils

Carreras, Marı́a Cecilia; Pargament, Griselda A.; Catz, Sergio D.; Poderoso, Juan José; Boveris, Alberto

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(94)80241-6

Cited by 349 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…and O 2 . -, which rapidly react together generating ONOO - [4]. The constant rate of this reaction is only limited by the diffusion of the two reagents [3,5], such that NO .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrated proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients at risk of ventilator-associated bronchopneumonia

et al. 2000

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The study was designed to identify markers of oxidative injury, related to the nitric oxide derived cascade, in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from intensive care patients suspected of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and/or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Thirty-eight patients developing VAP and/or ARDS (VAP/ARDS group) were compared to 20 ventilated patients without VAP/ARDS (control group). Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and elastase, taken as markers of neutrophil activation were measured by enzymatic techniques, and nitrated proteins (NTPs) by an immunological method. The cytotoxicity of the BAL fluid was tested using cultured human epithelial alveolar cells by the release of pre-incorporated 51 Cr.Mean NTP concentration and, MPO and elastase activities were different between the VAP/ARDS and control groups (p<0.05 for NTPs; p<0.005 for MPO; p<0.005 for elastase). NTP concentration correlated with MPO and elastase activity and neutrophil number (r=0.93, 0.91 and 0.87, respectively), but not to protein concentration and arterial oxygen tension/inspiratory oxygen fraction. The cytotoxicity of BAL correlated with NTP concentration (r=0.92) and MPO activity (r=0.89).It was concluded that the concentrations of nitrated proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid correlated with the oxidant activity of neutrophils and that, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytotoxicity was correlated with the nitrated protein concentration and may be mediated by oxidants. Eur Respir J 2000; 16: 296±301. In patients with or at risk of acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) permits exploration of distal lung regions, which are mainly implicated in the inflammatory reaction and in acute respiratory failure. This bronchoscopy technique allows access to damaged tissues and gives the possibility of early detection of inflammatory mediators that have either accumulated or were produced in the lung. From studies already performed on BAL fluids, it appears that neutrophils constitute the majority of the cell population present in the lungs of ARDS patients, and that products of phagocyte degranulation such as myeloperoxidase (MPO) and elastase (free or complexed to a 1 -proteinase inhibitor) can also be found [1,2].These degranulation products argued in favour of activation of phagocytes in the lungs, involving release of reactive oxygen species, especially products derived from the activities of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phoshate-oxidase and MPO: superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hypochlorous acid. Phagocytes also produce nitric oxide. The simultaneous production of NO . and O 2 . -allows in situ generation of peroxynitrite, a potent oxidative species which reacts quickly by incompletely determined mechanisms [3±5]. In the lung, ONOO -is reported to be responsible for alterations to surfactant of type II alveolar cells [6]. ONOO -is involved in the oxidation of lipoproteins, nucleic acids, proteins and peptides, and in the nitration of tyrosine an...

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“…and O 2 . -, which rapidly react together generating ONOO - [4]. The constant rate of this reaction is only limited by the diffusion of the two reagents [3,5], such that NO .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrated proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients at risk of ventilator-associated bronchopneumonia

et al. 2000

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“…In human, NO release is a part of the integrated response of PMN stimulated by phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA, an ester that activates the NADPH-oxidase in the cell membrane). NO together with O 2 -produces other oxidants, such as peroxinitrite (ONOO-; [40]). …”

Section: Oxidative Mechanism Of E Coli Killingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors

et al. 2003

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-Intramammary infections of dairy cows with Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (major cause of mastitis) have received a lot of attention because of their major economic impact on the dairy farm through production losses induced by an increase in somatic cell count. Management strategies, including greater awareness for efficient milking and hygienic measures, have limited the spread of Gram-positive bacteria and resulted in a significant decrease of proportion of S. aureus isolates and subclinical mastitis worldwide. Other organisms such as coliform subspecies and Streptococcus uberis, both environmental bacteria that cause clinical mastitis, have received less attention. Escherichia coli causes inflammation of the mammary gland in dairy cows around parturition and during early lactation with striking local and sometimes severe systemic clinical symptoms. This disease affects many high producing cows in dairy herds and may cause several cases of death per year in the most severe cases. It is well known that bacterial, cow and environmental factors are interdependent and influence mastitis susceptibility. Many studies, executed during the last decade, indicate that the severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors rather than by E. coli pathogenicity. During E. coli mastitis, the host defense status is a cardinal factor determining the outcome of the disease. Today, we know that the neutrophil is a key factor in the cows' defense against intramammary infection with E. coli. Effective elimination of the pathogen by neutrophils is important for the resolution of infection and the outcome of E. coli mastitis. This review is a compilation of some major findings over the last 15 years concerning mainly host factors that modulate and influence neutrophil function and the mammary inflammatory reaction. The individual chapters address: virulence factors of E. coli strains, how neutrophils kill E. coli, connection between endotoxins, tumor necrosis factor-a and nitric oxide, severity classification of E. coli mastitis, lifespan of neutrophils, host factors that influence severity, tissue damage and production loss.

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“…OH through Haber-Weiss reactions (Fantone and Ward, 1982;McCord and Fridovich, 1973;McCord and Roy, 1982;McCord, 1985 by the Fenton or Haber-Weiss reactions. In addition, superoxide anion reacts with nitric oxide (NO) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO -) in endothelial cultures in human neutrophils (Kooy and Royall, 1994;Carreras et al 1994). During normal cellular metabolism peroxynitrite forms the very volatile peroxynitrous acid, a potent oxidant that quickly decomposes to hydroxyl radical and nitrogen dioxide (Beckman et al 1990;Koppenol et al 1992).…”

Section: Oxygen Radicals and Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Homocysteine and Malondialdehyde as Predictors of Restenosis Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

et al. 2006

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Restenosis is one of the major adverse outcomes of Percutaneous CoronaryIntervention (PCI). Previous studies have shown conflicting reports for homocysteine as a predictor of restenosis following PCI. The conflicting reports may be due to oxidative factors (stimulation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte [PMNL]-induced reactive oxygen species generation, xanthine-xanthine oxidase, and arachidonic acid metabolism) other than homocysteine which could cause endothelial cell dysfunction leading to restenosis.Malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation product, is a marker for oxidative stress and is related to all oxidative factors. Therefore, it is possible that serum MDA may be a better predictor of restenosis than plasma homocysteine. The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not the pre-procedural serum MDA and plasma homocysteine levels are elevated in patients who develop restenosis post PCI.The study included fifty-one patients undergoing elective PCI who consented to participate in a protocol that was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Saskatchewan. Homocysteine and malondialdehyde were measured in the plasma and serum respectively. Blood samples were collected pre-procedural, 0 time, 8 hours, 24 hours, and 6 months post-procedure. Exercise tolerance tests were performed at two weeks, and six months post-procedure to determine if there was any evidence of restenosis.The results of the study showed that pre-procedural values of plasma homocysteine in the restenosis and non-restenosis groups were 10.37 ± 0.46 and 10.73 ± 0.49 respectively. These values were not significantly different (p=0.60) between the groups. The pre-procedural levels of plasma homocysteine were not significantly ii different (p=0.08) from the post-PCI values of those patients who did not develop restenosis at the 6-month time interval. However, the pre-procedural levels of plasma homocysteine were significantly different from the post-PCI values of those patients in the restenosis group at the 24hr (p=0.04) and 6-month (p=0.002) time intervals. In the restenosis group there was a significant increase (24%) after six months in the values of homocysteine from the pre-procedural levels. Thus, this indicates that restenosis is associated with higher post-PCI levels of homocysteine.The pre-procedural levels of serum MDA in the restenosis and non-restenosis groups were 0.124± 0.16 and 0.147± 0.02 respectively. There was no significant difference (p=0.60) between the two groups. There was also no significant difference The results suggest that pre-procedural levels of plasma homocysteine and serum MDA were not predictors of restenosis following PCI. However, the post-PCI sixmonth levels of both homocysteine and MDA are predictors of restenosis. Moreover, the post-PCI levels of MDA were better predictors of restenosis than the post-PCI levels of homocysteine because the increase in MDA levels were greater at six months than the rise in homocysteine levels at the same time interval.iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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Kinetics of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide production and formation of peroxynitrite during the respiratory burst of human neutrophils

Cited by 349 publications

References 30 publications

Nitrated proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients at risk of ventilator-associated bronchopneumonia

Nitrated proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients at risk of ventilator-associated bronchopneumonia

Severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors

Homocysteine and Malondialdehyde as Predictors of Restenosis Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

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