Knocking combustion in spark-ignition engines

Wang, Zhi; Liu, Hui; Reitz, Rolf D.

doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2017.03.004

Cited by 594 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 290 publications

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“…An increased penetration length was also observed by Henkei et al [134]. Wang et al [69] indicated that deposits inside the counter bore could restrict air recirculation and entrainment, leading to lower exiting turbulent kinetic energy of the spray from a coked injector and producing a larger mean droplet size. Wang et al [135] studied the effect of injection strategy on the spray behavior of a fouled GDI injector.…”

Section: Effect Of Injector Deposits On Engine Performancementioning

confidence: 60%

“…However, increasing the boost ratio tends to induce a new engine knock mode in conjunction with a pressure rise more than one order of magnitude higher than that associated with conventional knocking. One study has shown a pressure exceeding 1000 bar during a cycle, which is sufficient to damage the engine [69]. This new knock mode has been termed unwanted pre-ignition by VW, Chao-ji knock [70] [69].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Deto-knockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study has shown a pressure exceeding 1000 bar during a cycle, which is sufficient to damage the engine [69]. This new knock mode has been termed unwanted pre-ignition by VW, Chao-ji knock [70] [69]. In the event of deto-knock, the cylinder pressure rises before the normal spark timing, indicating that pre-ignition occurs in the cylinder.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Deto-knockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deto-knock is normally rated using the occurrence rate within a certain number of cycles. Typically, the frequency is lower than one in thousands [69], which makes it difficult to investigate the associated mechanism.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Deto-knockmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Recent Progress in Automotive Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Technology

Shuai

et al. 2018

Automot. Innov.

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Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines are currently the dominant powertrains for passenger cars. With the implementation of increasingly stringent fuel consumption and emission regulations worldwide, GDI engines are facing challenges owing to high particulate matter emissions and a tendency to knock, leading to a change in the research and design (R&D) issues compared with those in the twentieth century. This paper reviews the progress in research regarding GDI engine technologies over the past 20 years, focusing on combustion system configurations, and also highlights common issues in GDI R&D, including preignition and deto-knock, soot formation and PM emissions, injector deposits and gasoline compression ignition (GCI). First, an overview of recent developments in the field as driven by regulations is provided, following which progress in injection and combustion systems is examined. Third, the review addresses the occurrence and mechanism of deto-knock and considers means of suppressing this phenomenon. The fourth section discusses soot formation mechanisms and particulate matter emission characteristics of GDI engines and describes the application of gasoline particulate filter (GPF) after-treatment. The subsequent section summarizes studies regarding injector deposit formation, as well as pioneering research into GCI combustion modes. Finally, a summary and future prospects for GDI engine technologies are provided.

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Section: Effect Of Injector Deposits On Engine Performancementioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Characteristics Of Deto-knockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of Deto-knockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of Deto-knockmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Recent Progress in Automotive Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Technology

Shuai

et al. 2018

Automot. Innov.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Upon examination of the figure, it is apparent that the cycle affected by knock reached a much more intense pressure peak, followed by the arising of high-frequency oscillations of the in-cylinder pressure (for this reason, the whole frequency content of the SW signal needs to be considered for this analysis). This behavior is peculiar of the knocking phenomena, which are usually characterized by a high-frequency content above 6 kHz, even though this aspect also depends on the dimensions of the combustion chamber, and particularly on the bore [37,38]. Overall, the reconstruction of the cycle based on the SW was able to reproduce properly the effects of knocking, with an accurate description of both the pressure peak and its position.…”

Section: Knockingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Experimental Assessment of a Methodology for the Indirect in-Cylinder Pressure Evaluation in Four-Stroke Internal Combustion Engines

Romani

Bianchini

Vichi³

et al. 2018

Energies

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Recent innovations in engine control and diagnostics are providing room for development of innovative combustion approaches (e.g., low-temperature combustion) able to minimize the creation of pollutants. To ensure the constant fulfillment of the prescribed thermodynamic conditions, however, a fast real-time monitoring of the in-cylinder pressure is needed. To this end, dynamic pressure sensors, flush-mounted on the cylinder head, are commonly used. With this approach, the measurement accuracy is high, but the durability is limited by the harsh working conditions. The installation on the cylinder head is also complex. The development of robust and effective indirect measurement systems could then represent the enabler of a further development of this technology. In the present study, an innovative methodology to measure the in-cylinder pressure has been conceived and extensively tested on a four-stroke single-cylinder engine. The proposed approach is based on the analysis of the mechanical stress on the engine studs by means of a piezoelectric strain washer. This solution allows the user for a rapid and cost-effective sensor installation, described in the paper along with the signal post-processing techniques. Results showed good accuracy and robustness of the methodology, making the results of practical use for engine control.

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Effect of acetylene fuelling on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of stationary spark‐ignition engine

Sharma

Soni

2020

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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The continuous depletion of conventional fuels requires urgent research work to identify feasible alternative fuels to meet the minimum environmental impact of sustainable energy demand. Due to good combustion characteristics, acetylene being one of such alternative fuel and has the potential to be a future fuel. In this concern, it was decided to perform experimentation on a stationary water‐cooled spark ignition (S.I.) engine in acetylene‐gasolinedual fuel mode. In this experimental investigation, the effects of acetylene and gasoline mixtures on the performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics have been observed. Acetylene was supplied through a modified engine intake manifold at optimized conditions for petrol. The optimum flow rate of acetylene was found by comparing the performance and emissions for 50, 100, and 150 LPH, respectively, at 1600 revolution per minute (rpm). The experimental results showed that the brake thermal efficiency at 100 LPH was the highest amongst all the flow rates under study, throughout the load range in acetylene‐gasoline dual fuel mode. HC, CO, and CO2 emissions for this acetylene flow rate were either low or comparable to that of pure gasoline. Based on this study, it can be concluded that use of acetylene in S.I. engine without any major modifications is feasible without having any adverse effect on the engine performance, combustion, and emissions.

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Knocking combustion in spark-ignition engines

Cited by 594 publications

References 290 publications

Recent Progress in Automotive Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Technology

Recent Progress in Automotive Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Technology

Experimental Assessment of a Methodology for the Indirect in-Cylinder Pressure Evaluation in Four-Stroke Internal Combustion Engines

Effect of acetylene fuelling on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of stationary spark‐ignition engine

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