Knoop microhardness studies of urinary calculi and pure calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals

Girija, E. K.; Sivakumar, G.R.; Kalkura, S. Narayana; Ramasamy, P.; Joshi, D. R.; Sivaraman, P.

doi:10.1016/s0254-0584(99)00204-7

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Some of the oxalates are found in either pure or in mixed form with phosphate and also reported with uric acid or ammonium urates [1,2]. Calcium oxalate monohydrate [3,4] and calcium oxalate dihydrate [5] are common constituents of calcium urinary crystal while hydroxypatite [6], carbonate apatite [7], and brushite [8][9][10][11] are in calcium phosphate crystals. Brushite [CaHPO 4 ⋅2H 2 O] provides a medium to grow octacalcium phosphate [12] and hydroxypatite [13][14][15][16] urinary crystals, however used as a precursor to form apatite, which has an important application in bone formation [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Characterization of Agar Gel Grown Brushite Crystals

Suryawanshi

Chaudhari

2014

Indian Journal of Materials Science

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Brushite [CaHPO4·2H2O] or calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (CHPD) also known as urinary crystal is a stable form of calcium phosphate. The brushite crystals were grown by single and double diffusion techniques in agar-agar gel at room temperature. Effects of different growth parameters were discussed in single diffusion and double diffusion techniques. Good quality star, needle, platy, rectangular, and prismatic shaped crystals in single diffusion and nuclei with dendritic growth were obtained in double diffusion. These grown nuclei were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). SEM has shown the different morphologies of crystals; FTIR has confirmed the presence of functional groups; crystalline nature was supported by XRD, whereas the TGA indicates total 24.68% loss in weight and formation of stable calcium pyrophosphate (Ca2P2O7) at 500°C.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Characterization of Agar Gel Grown Brushite Crystals

Suryawanshi

Chaudhari

2014

Indian Journal of Materials Science

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“…The initial increase in hardness with the load may be due to the continued increase in frequency of dislocation interaction resulting in a tangled forest of dislocation lines (work hardening). The subsequent decrease in hardness with increase in load was due to work softening process, which resulted from the activation of cross slip and the movement of piled-up dislocations [28]. The hardness and strength critically depend on the ease with which dislocations move.…”

Section: Microhardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%