Kondisi Sungai di Indonesia Ditinjau dari Daya Tampung Beban Pencemaran: Studi Literatur

Abstract

The condition of rivers in Indonesia in 2018, 25 rivers were heavily polluted, while in 2019, 38 rivers were heavily polluted . Efforts are needed to determine the carrying capacity of river pollution loads so that they can be used as guidelines for river management. This study aims to provide an overview of the conditions of Indonesia’s rivers through a literature review. This literature review uses 10 articles from the Google Scholar database for the period 2014-2020. The rivers under study do not have a pollution load capacity, namely the Code Yogyakarta river, the Bengawan Solo watershed of the Surakarta and Karanganyar sections, the Brantas river in Malang City, the Kupang river, Pekalongan City, the Mahakam river in East Kalimantan, the Winongo river, Sleman Regency, the section of the Brantas river Kekep-Punden Kota Batu, the segment of the Pesanggrahan river of the City; Garang river, Central Java Bedung river, Denpasar City. Most of the parameters that exceed the loading capacity of the entire river are BOD, COD, TSS, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, and ammonia. The source of pollution in most rivers is unidentified (certain and uncertain sources of pollution). Generally, river management efforts are not carried out in an optimal manner to maintain water quality and condition .

Water Pollution Index and The Distribution of Waterborne Diseases on The East Flood Canal, Semarang City : An Analysis Spatial

“…(Wu, Wang, Chen, Cai, & Deng, 2018) Assessment of environmental health status can be studied by looking at water pollution and waterborne diseases. River pollution in Indonesia is very severe, in 2019 of about 98 rivers in Indonesia, 54 rivers were mild polluted, 6 rivers were medium polluted, and 38 rivers were hard polluted (Firmansyah, Setiani, & Darundiati, 2021). This condition is worse than in 2018, where there were 97 rivers in Indonesia, 67 rivers with mild polluted status, 5 medium polluted rivers, and 25 hard polluted rivers (Firmansyah et al, 2021).…”

“…River pollution in Indonesia is very severe, in 2019 of about 98 rivers in Indonesia, 54 rivers were mild polluted, 6 rivers were medium polluted, and 38 rivers were hard polluted (Firmansyah, Setiani, & Darundiati, 2021). This condition is worse than in 2018, where there were 97 rivers in Indonesia, 67 rivers with mild polluted status, 5 medium polluted rivers, and 25 hard polluted rivers (Firmansyah et al, 2021). The Semarang East Flood Canal of Semarang City is the object of study in this study and the contamination of the river conditions is not yet known.…”

Effectiveness of Pokea (Batissa violaceae celebensis Martens, 1897) shells in reducing hexavalent chromium

“…In 2018, there were 97 rivers with a total of 67 lightly polluted rivers, 5 rivers with moderate pollution and 25 rivers with heavy pollution. [3] The decline in water quality is caused by the presence of contaminants in the form of organic components and inorganic components. [4] The many beneficial benefits of river water for humans certainly do not cover the fact that rivers are also natural resources that are vulnerable to pollution.…”

Review of water quality index models as river quality evaluation tool: insight from various rivers in Indonesia

“…Wastewater that flows into the river will then pollute rivers, portrayed by decreased river water quality [2]. It will negatively impact the biota living in the river and humans that depend on it [3]. Therefore, assessing the classification of surface water quality is critical.…”